林地土壤优势流的染色方法研究  

A Study on the Preferential Flow in the Forest Land by Using Methylene Blue Tracer

作　　者：陈风琴[1,2] 李玉国[2] 史秀娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]山东省水利科学研究院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第2期285-289,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作与交流计划项目(2007DFB70200);引进国际先进水利科学技术计划项目(201029);国家科技支撑计划(2009BA-DA3B03)资助

摘　　要：优势流对水和溶质在土壤中的运移有很大影响,不仅影响到它们的预测,甚至使定量测定水和溶质复杂化。在野外用亚甲蓝作染色剂来研究灰棕紫泥土中的优势流现象,并进一步研究在自然降雨情况下,降雨和地表径流对优势流的影响。结果表明:亚甲蓝能被土壤颗粒强烈吸附,但由于优势流的存在,染色的最大深度仍是平均深度的3倍;染色面积随深度的增加呈变小的趋势,且呈波浪式的波动变化;灰棕紫泥土中优势流的空间路径,呈明显的"T"字形;降雨具有把地表污染物带入地下的作用,而地表径流具有稀释表层污染物的作用;亚甲蓝可用于研究优势流对可吸附性污染物在土壤中迁移的影响。Preferential flow has great influence on the transport of water and solutes in soil,not only on their forecasts,but also complication of quantitative measurements.In this study,methylene blue was used to characterize preferential flow phenomena of grey brown purple soil.Under natural precipitation conditions,the effects of rainfall and surface runoff on preferential flow were also investigated.The results indicated that methylene blue could be strongly adsorbed by soil particles.The maximum depth of dyeing was three times of the average because of the existence of preferential flow.The area of dyeing decreased in parallel to the increase of soil depth,and the fluctuation changes were undulate.The space path of preferential flow in grey brown purple soil showed a clear＂T＂shape.Rainfall could bring the pollutants into underground,meanwhile,surface runoff could dilute the surface pollutants.The dyeing method of ethylene blue could be used in the research of the effects of preferential flow on the migration of adsorbed pollutants.

关 键 词：林地土壤 优势流 染色示踪 亚甲蓝 

分 类 号：P934[天文地球—自然地理学]