晚稻期间秸秆还田对早稻田CH_4和N_2O排放以及产量的影响  

Effect of Rice Straw Incorporation of Later Rice Season on CH_4 and N_2O Emission and Grain yield from Following Early Rice Field

作　　者：石生伟[1] 李玉娥[1] 秦晓波[1] 万运帆[1] 彭华[2] 纪雄辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业部农业环境与气候变化重点实验室,北京100081 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第2期336-341,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：“十一五”支撑计划项目(2006BAD17B01);“十一五”支撑计划子专题项目(2007BAC03A03)资助

摘　　要：选取湖南双季稻田为研究对象,采用静态箱-气相色谱法对晚稻期间秸秆还田配施减量化肥(DNPK+RS)和施化肥(NPK)处理下后季早稻田(2009年)的CH4和N2O排放通量进行观测。结果表明,在早稻田等量化肥条件下,DNPK+RS比NPK增加早稻田CH4排放的81%,减少N2O排放的53%。早稻产量表明,DNPK+RS显著低于NPK(P<0.05)。晚稻期间以秸秆还田来代替部分化肥,会降低次年早稻的有效穗数和肥料增产效应。DNPK+RS处理的单位产量的全球增温潜势为NPK的2倍。秸秆还田应该重视与化肥的搭配比例,否则会降低水稻产量,同时增加下季早稻的温室效应。By using the method of static chamber-gas chromatograph techni ques,CH4 and N2O emission fluxes from early rice fields in 2009 were studied under decreasing chemical fertilizer ＋ straw incorporation（DNPK＋RS）and chemical fertilizer（NPK）.The results showed that,with the same amount of applied fertilizer in early rice paddies in 2009,the emission of CH4 in DNPK＋RS was increased by 81%,in early rice paddies in 2009,meanwhile,N2O emission was decreased by 53% compared with NPK.The grain yield of the DNPK＋RS was far less than that of NPK.Substitution of rice straw incorporation for partial chemical fertilizer in later rice season decreaseds effective panicles and effect of fertilizer on increasing yield in following early rice season.The global warming potential per unit rice grain of DNPK＋RS was twice than that of NPK.Therefore,a great attention we should be paidy attention to the mix ratio of chemical fertilizer and straw returning,otherwise,the grain yield couldwill be decreased and the global warming potential of following season couldwill be increased.

关 键 词：早稻田 秸秆还田 CH4 N2O 产量 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]