958株病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of 958 pathogenic strains

作　　者：赵惠[1] 刘勋[1] 邓莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]丹江口市第一医院检验科,湖北丹江口442700

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第6期1224-1226,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解医院临床常见病原菌的分布及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对医院2008-2009年临床各类标本中分离的病原菌,用K-B法进行体外药物敏感试验,并对特殊耐药菌株如耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS),超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)进行检测。结果分离率排在前5位的病原菌依次是大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占24.6%、13.8%、8.8%、7.3%、6.7%;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs的检出率分别为37.7%和31.3%;所分离的革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南耐药率<6.8%,对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟和阿米卡星<20.0%;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的检出率分别为45.7%和50.0%;未检出耐万古霉素葡萄球菌和肠球菌属。结论目前医院临床分离菌株对亚胺培南、万古霉素敏感性尚可,但临床一线用药耐药性较高或呈增加趋势;应加强对二甲医院细菌耐药性监测,降低耐药菌蔓延。OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical hospital distribution of common pathogens and drug resistance,to provide a scientific basis for the rational use of antimicrobial drugs.METHODS From 2008 to 2009,the clinical types of pathogens were isolated,the drug sensitivity test with the KB method in vitro,and a special drug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus（MRS）,extended spectrum β-lactam enzymes（ESBLs） were detected.RESULTS The isolation rates of the top five results of the pathogen followed by Escherichia coli（24.6%）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa（13.8%）,coagulase-negative staphylococci（8.8%）,Staphylococcus aureus（7.3%） Klebsiella pneumoniae（6.7%）.The detection rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae were 37.7% and 31.3%.The sensitive rate of the isolated Gram-negative bacteria to was 〈6.8%,to piperacillin/cilostazol pakistan Tanzania,cefepime and amikacin was 〈20.0%;The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S.aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci were 45.7% and 50%,respectively;Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were not detected.CONCLUSIONS The clinical isolates are sensitive to imipenem and vancomycin,but the drug resistance to first-line antibiotics in clinic is high and keeps increasing trend.The monitoring to the bacterial resistance in two-star hospital should be strengthened to reduce the spread of drug resistant strains.

关 键 词：病原菌 分离率 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]