泰山春、夏两季大气颗粒物及其水溶性无机离子的粒径分布特征  

SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES AND WATER-SOLUBLE INORGANIC IONS IN SPRING AND SUMMER AT MOUNT TAI

作　　者：高晓梅[1,2] 王韬[1,2,3] 周杨[1] 薛丽坤[1,2] 张庆竹[1] 王新锋[1,2] 聂玮[1,2] 王文兴[1,3] 王德众 

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境研究院,济南250100 [2]香港理工大学土木与结构工程系 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [4]山东省泰安气象局,泰安271000

出　　处：《环境化学》2011年第3期686-692,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划(973)项目(2005CB422203);香港理工大学Niche Area Development(1-BB94)资助

摘　　要：为研究华北地区大气颗粒物的粒径分布特征以及二次气溶胶的形成,2007年春夏两季在泰山山顶(1534 m.a.s.l.,华北平原最高峰)利用多级撞击式颗粒物采样器(MOUD I)进行了为期各1个月的大气颗粒物的采集,并对颗粒物中的无机水溶性离子进行分析.结果显示春夏两季粗粒子(PM1.8—10)分别占PM10的60%和25%,表明粗、细粒子(PM1.8)分别是春季和夏季PM10的主要组成部分.SO24-和NH4+的粒径分布相似,春季呈双模态分布,峰值分别出现在0.32—0.56μm和3.2—5.6μm的粒径段;夏季呈单模态分布,峰值出现在0.56—1μm的粒径段.NO-3春夏两季均呈双模态分布,在细、粗粒子中的质量浓度之比在春季受温度和相对湿度的共同影响,而在夏季主要受相对湿度的影响.夏季液相反应是液滴模态硫酸盐形成的主要途径,夏季非常快的SO2液相转化速率使得细粒子中SO24-的浓度高于春季.春季较强的沙尘土壤源有利于SO24-和NH4+在粗粒子中形成;夏季高温、高湿、高O3浓度有利于促进二次气溶胶的形成.To investigate the size distribution of atmospheric particles and the formation of secondary aerosols in North China,two-month sampling campaign was performed in the spring and summer of 2007 at the summit of Mount Tai（1534 m a.s.l.,the highest mountain in North China） using a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor（MOUDI）.The results showed 60% and 25% of PM10 mass in the coarse particles（PM1.8—10） in the spring and summer respectively,indicating that coarse particles was major fraction of PM10 in the spring while fine particles（PM1.8） dominated PM10 mass concentration in the summer.Sulfate and ammonium size distribution in the spring was bimodal with peaks at 0.32—0.56 μm and 3.2—5.6 μm,while a single peak at 0.56—1 μm was observed in the summer.Nitrate showed bimodal in both seasons.The mass ratio of fine to coarse nitrate depended on both the temperature and relative humidity in the spring,while it depended mainly on the relative humidity in the summer.Aqueous phase reactions dominated the droplet sulfate formation,leading to a higher sulfate concentration in the summer than in the spring,whereas SO2 concentration followed a reverse trend.Soil source and dust mineral in the spring provided interface for the formation of coarse sulfate and ammonium.Intense solar radiation,high RH and high O3 concentration in the summer accelerated the conversion of secondary particles.

关 键 词：粒径分布 粗粒子 细粒子 水溶性离子 泰山 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]