硅藻土预涂动态膜的错流过滤研究  

Diatomite Precoated Dynamic Membrane with Crossflow Filtration

作　　者：李璇[1] 马延强[1] 曹达文[2] 褚华强[1] 董秉直[3] 余振勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]城市污染控制国家工程研究中心,上海200092 [3]同济大学长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2011年第5期36-39,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑课题(2006BAJ08B02);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07421-006)

摘　　要：与微滤工艺的出水水质相近的动态膜技术,具有投资小、膜污染容易控制、能耗低等优点。以不锈钢丝网为基网、硅藻土为预涂材料制备动态膜,并采用错流操作方式进行过滤。试验结果表明:动态膜错流工艺的预涂时间短、通量大、出水浊度低,且对有机物的去除率可达30%左右。采用恒定压力运行,当动态膜的跨膜压差由0.01 MPa增大到0.02 MPa时,出水通量变大,但运行周期缩短;由0.02 MPa增大到0.03 MPa时,出水通量变小,且运行周期缩短。初始通量越小则跨膜压差的上升速度越慢,运行周期越长。此外,随着预涂混合液浓度的增大,运行周期变长,出水通量变小。对颗粒在膜表面的受力分析表明,跨膜压差和错流速度对动态膜的性能具有重要的影响。Dynamic membrane, with similar treated water quality to microfihration process, is characterized by low investment, easy control of membrane fouling and low energy consumption. The diatomite was used to form the precoated dynamic membrane on the stainless steel support mesh, and the crossflow filtration mode was used. The experimental results indicate that the diatomite precoated dynamic membrane with crossflow filtration has advantages of short precoating time, high filtration flux and low effluent turbidity, with a removal rate of 30% for organic pollutants. When the transmembrane pressure （TMP） at constant operation pressure is increased from 0.01 MPa to 0.02 MPa, the effluent flux becomes higher, however, the filtration time is shortened. When the TMP is increased from 0.02 MPa to 0.03 MPa, the flux becomes lower, and the filtration time is shortened. Under a low initial flux of the dynamic membrane, the TMP is increased slowly, resulting in a long filtration time. Furthermore, the filtration time is extended and the effluent flux is declined with the increasing of precoated mixture concentration. The force analysis of particles on the dynamic membrane surface indicates that the TMP and crossflow velocity have significant influence on the performance of dynamic membrane.

关 键 词：硅藻土 动态膜 错流过滤 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]