疥疮的流行因素调查  

SURVEY ON THE EPIDEMIC INFLUENCE FACTORS OF SCABIES

作　　者：刘涛[1] 曾秀红[2] 刘影[1] 王欢[1] 李昕[1] 张会君[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁医学院护理学院,锦州121001 [2]丹东市中心医院皮肤科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第6期1004-1006,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]分析疥疮流行的主要影响因素,为公共卫生干预和临床防治提供参考。[方法]抽取2005年1月～2009年12月丹东市中心医院皮肤科收治的疥疮患者为研究样本。[结果]共调查1586例疥疮患者,年龄在1个月～86岁之间。病例数呈逐年上升趋势,寒冷的秋末、冬季和春季较多。流行具有一定群体特征,男性(65.13%)高于女性(34.87%);城镇及郊区(75.03%)是农村的3倍;输入性病例279例。传染源主要是疥疮病人(62.29%)和疥螨污染物(25.09%)。易遭受传染的场所是家庭(29.76%),集体宿舍(14.25%),餐饮旅店服务场所(14.06%),娱乐、性服务场所(13.49%)。1016例曾有1～5个诊所或医院的诊治史,其中357例(35.14%)患者被误诊为湿疹、过敏性皮炎、丘疹性荨麻疹、瘙痒症、毛囊炎等。初次就诊的患者75.20%没有听说过"疥疮"。患者自主购药错用药比例高达79.13%。[结论]疥疮流行与个人和公共卫生不良、防治知识缺乏、公共卫生干预空白、生物和环境因素有关。[Objective] To analyze the main prevalence factors on scabies, so as to provide basis for public health inter- ventions and clinical prevention. [Methods] The whole scabies patients admitted to Central hospital of Dandong from January 2005 to December 2009 were investigated, [Results] A total of 1586 cases with scabies were surveyed, aged 1 month to 86 years old. There were upward trend in incidence year after year and higher prevalence in cold season. Prevalence had certain group characteristics, such as male （65.13%） was higher than females （34.87%）, urban incidence （75.03%） was 3 times rural, 279 cases were imported. The souree：of infection mainly came from scabies infection （62.29%） and scabies mite pollu- tants （25.09%）. The vulnerable to infection location were families （29.76%）, group quarters （14.25%）, hotels （14.06%） and entertainment or sexual establishments （13.49%）. 1 016 cases that had 1-5 clinic or hospital treatment history, in which 357 cases （35.14%） patients were misdi＇agnosed as eczema, allergic dermatitis, popular urticaria, pruritus and folliculitis, etc.. The initial treatment of patients75.20% had not heard of ＂ scabies＂ . Patients who procured medicines at the wrong self- medication were as high as 79.13%. [Conclusion] Scabies prevalence was influenced by several factors such as bad personal and public health, lack of prevention knowledge, gaps in public health interventions, biological and environmental factors.

关 键 词：疥疮 流行 影响因素 调查 

分 类 号：R514.4[医药卫生—内科学]