从电镀污泥中回收镍、铜和铬的工艺研究  

Recycling process of nickel,copper and chromium from the electroplating sludge

作　　者：郭学益[1] 石文堂[1] 李栋[1] 田庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报》2011年第3期328-333,共6页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

摘　　要：采用硫酸浸出--硫化沉铜--两段中和除铬--碳酸镍富集工艺,从电镀污泥中综合回收铜、铬和镍.考察了各工序过程中的影响因素,获得了最佳工艺条件:酸浸过程中反应时间为0.5 h,反应温度为50℃,硫酸加入量为理论量的0.8倍;沉铜过程中,沉铜剂加入量为理论量的1.2倍,反应时间和反应温度分别为1 h和85℃;采用两段除铬工序有效降低了沉淀过程中的镍损失.整个工艺中,铜、铬和镍的回收率分别达到98%、99%和94%以上.The electroplating sludge was treated for the comprehensive recovery of copper, chromium and nickel with procedures including sulfuric acid leaching, copper precipitation, chromium removal by two-stage neutralization, and nickel carbonate concentrating. Various processing factors were studied and the optimum conditions were obtained as follows： 0.5 h, 50℃ , and 0. 8 times of stoichiometric sulfuric acid addition for sulfuric acid leaching; 1 h, 85℃ , and 1.2 times of stoichiometric copper precipitator addition for copper precipitation; the two-stage chromium removal method decreases nickel loss in the precipitation process. More than 98% of copper, 99% of chromium and 94% of nickel originally contained in the sludge were successfully recovered by using this process.

关 键 词：电镀 污泥处理 金属回收 铜 铬 镍 

分 类 号：X781.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]