烟叶氨气补偿点的品种间差异及其与氮素代谢的关系研究  

Differences in NH3 compensation point among tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) cultivars and its relationship with nitrogen metabolism

作　　者：段旺军[1,2] 杨铁钊[3] 刘化冰[3] 张小全[3] 戴亚 李东亮 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学博士后科研流动站,河南郑州450002 [2]川渝中烟工业公司技术研发中心,四川成都610066 [3]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2011年第2期419-424,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局资助项目(200912417);河南省烟草专卖局重点资助项目(HYKJ200817)

摘　　要：为了研究不同成熟特性的烤烟品种叶片氨气补偿点及其差异,利用质外体提取方法对3个烤烟品种NC89、K326和中烟90的叶片质外体铵浓度和pH值进行了测定,并计算不同品种叶片的氨气补偿点(25℃);同时探讨了氨气补偿点与氮素代谢的关系。结果表明,叶片氨气补偿点随着叶片成熟衰老进程的推进而呈上升趋势;烟草叶片成熟衰老期氨气补偿点与谷氨酰胺合成酶活性关系密切。衰老速度快、叶片氮素状况(总氮和可溶性蛋白)低的品种谷氨酰胺合成酶活性下降幅度大,氨气补偿点升幅大,绝对值也高。因此,衰老速度快、叶片氮素状况低的品种在叶片衰老期具有更大的氨挥发潜力。品种间氨气补偿点的差异与它们的氮素代谢特性有关。To investigate NH3 compensation point（χs） and its differences in leaves of three flue-cured tobacco genotypes,foliar apoplastic NH＋4 concentration and pH were measured by apoplast extraction technique,the χs（25℃） was calculated,and the activities of related enzymes and nitrogen parameters of leaves were also analyzed.In the leaves of the three cultivars,an increase in χs was observed in leaves during senescence.Compared with the leaves of slow-senescing cultivar,the leaves of the rapid-senescing tobacco cultivar with lower N status had a stronger decrease in glutamine synthetase activity（GS,EC 6.3.1.2） and a more substantial increase in χs.These results indicate that the cultivars with rapid senescence and low nitrogen content in leaves may have a high potential for NH3 emission from senescing leaves into the atmosphere,and the difference in χs values is related with the N metabolism of the cultivars.

关 键 词：烟草 氨气补偿点 氮素代谢 谷氨酰胺合成酶 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]