虚拟水战略在我国粮食贸易中的应用及贡献分析  

Application of Virtual Water Strategy in Grain Trade and Its Contribution to China

作　　者：马涛[1] 石丽忠[2] 孟晓路[1] 孙玉光[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110003 [2]沈阳大学,辽宁沈阳110044

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2011年第3期51-53,57,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：辽河流域水质水量优化调配技术及示范研究(2009ZX07208-010)

摘　　要：虚拟水是指生产粮食和其他产品所需要的水资源数量,虚拟水概念的提出为解决我国农业用水短缺问题提供了新思路。采用全球平均值估算1998-2007年我国粮食对外贸易中稻谷和大米、玉米、小麦、大豆所包含的虚拟水量,结果显示,我国粮食贸易格局与虚拟水战略基本符合,10年间通过粮食贸易累计净进口虚拟水量为3 305.85亿m3,平均每年通过粮食贸易节省的虚拟水量占农业用水的9.13%,占总用水量的5.87%。这些虚拟水量对缓解农业用水紧张、弥补我国农业水资源不足具有一定贡献,同时指出实施虚拟水战略应在国家尺度上进行宏观调控。Virtual water refers to water contained in the production process of crops and other products.The concept of virtual water supplies us a strategy to solve the shortage of agricultural water consumption.The virtual water contained in cereals,rice,corn,wheat,soybean in grain trade from 1998 to 2007 is calculated by using the international average estimation.The result shows that grain trade patterns are generally consistent with virtual water strategy,and the cumulative net imported virtual water is 330.585 billion cubic metres.Virtual water saving due to grain trade per year accounts for 9.13% of agricultural water consumption,and 5.87% of total water consumption.Virtual water contributes to relieving the tension of water utilization and compensate for deficiency of agricultural water resources.Meanwhile,this paper points out that implementation of virtual water strategy should be controlled at the national scale.

关 键 词：虚拟水 水资源 粮食贸易 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]