畦灌施肥地表水流与非饱和土壤水流-溶质运移集成模拟Ⅲ:模型应用  

Integrated simulation of surface-subsurface flow and solute transport for border strip fertigation Ⅲ. Model application

作　　者：李志新[1,2] 许迪[1,2] 李益农[1,2] 白美健[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水利研究所,北京100048 [2]国家节水灌溉北京工程技术研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《水利学报》2011年第3期271-277,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划重点项目课题(2006AA100210);中国水科院博士生学位论文创新研究课题

摘　　要：基于构建的畦灌施肥地表与非饱和土壤水流溶质运移集成模型,数值模拟畦灌施肥技术要素组合模式,分析单一要素对畦灌施肥系统性能的影响,确定冬小麦畦灌施肥技术要素优化组合区域。结果表明,土壤入渗性能、施肥时机、入畦单宽流量、畦长、畦面微地形状况对畦灌施肥系统性能影响较为明显。在畦灌全程施肥方式下,若以较高畦灌施肥性能评价指标作为要素优化组合的约束控制条件,则典型砂壤土畦面微地形状况较好条件下,入畦单宽流量分别为2L/s/m和5L/s/m下相应的畦长不宜超过70m和100m;而畦面微地形状况较差条件下,入畦单宽流量分别为2L/s/m和5L/s/m下相应的畦长宜小于60m和不大于75m。典型黏土畦面微地形状况较好条件下,入畦单宽流量分别为2L/s/m和5L/s/m下相应的畦长不宜超过80m和110m,而畦微地形状况较差条件下,入畦单宽流量分别为2L/s/m和5L/s/m下相应的畦长宜小于60m和不大于90m。Based on the coupled model of surface-subsurface flow and solute transport for border strip fertigation established by the authors, the combination modes of technical factors of border strip fertigation were simulated to analyze the effect of the factors on performance of border strip fertigation system and determine the optimal ranges of the factors. The results show that soil texture, injection strategy, inflow discharge, length of border strip as well as the microtopography of border strip surface may obviously affect the performance of the fertigation system. In the whole process of the irrigation event, if the higher evaluation indicators of the border strip fertigation system were selected as the control conditions, the appropriate border strip length corresponding to the irrigation discharge 2 l/s/m and 5 l/s/m should be smaller than 70m and 100m for typical sandy loam texture soil under good microtopography condition, while it should be smaller than 60m and 75m under bad microtopography condition. The appropriate border strip length corresponding to the irrigation discharge 2 l/s/m and 5 l/s/m should be smaller than 80m and 110m for the border strip of typical clay texture soil under good microtopography condition, while it should be 60m and 90 respectively under bad microtopograpgy condition.

关 键 词：畦灌施肥 技术要素 性能评价 优化组合 施肥时机 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程] S153.3[农业科学—农业工程]