柱式反应器处理黄铜矿过程中等嗜热微生物群落变化  

Community structure and dynamics of moderately thermophilic microorganisms during bioleaching of low-grade chalcopyrite by column reactor

作　　者：王玉光[1] 赵伟[1,2] 苏丽君[3] 刘飞飞[1] 邬长斌[1] 周洪波[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中南大学生物冶金教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410083 [3]长沙医学院医学检验系,湖南长沙410219

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2011年第3期310-316,共7页Microbiology China

基　　金：国际海底区域研究开发"十一五"项目(No.DYXM-115-02–2-07);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.200805032)

摘　　要：从中国的多个铜矿取样,在45°C条件下富集获得了一种高效的中等嗜热浸矿富集物,探讨了该富集物在柱式反应器中浸出低品位黄铜矿的pH变化以及与Cu2+浸出的关系,并采用限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)技术分析了微生物的群落结构和种群动态变化规律。结果表明在整个浸出过程中pH变化较为明显,且一直在1.8以上,60 d内回收了13.6%的铜。RFLP结果表明:在初期,嗜铁钩端螺旋菌(Leptospirillum ferriphilum)在浸出前期占有很高比例(81%),随后逐渐降低,至后期只有13%,而耐温氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermotolerans)和喜温硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus caldus)的比例逐渐升高,在中期分别达到32%和23%;至末期,耐温氧化硫化杆菌达到了79%,成为优势种群。研究加深了对中等嗜热微生物浸矿特性的了解,也为中等嗜热菌处理低品位黄铜矿的工业应用提供了可供借鉴的数据。In this study,a mixed culture of moderately thermophilic microorganisms was enriched from several acid mine drainage samples collected from copper mines in China at 45 °C.The pH and copper concentration in the leachate were monitored during bioleaching low-grade chalcopyrite by column re-actor,and community structure and dynamics were investigated by restriction fragment length poly-morphism（RFLP）.The results show that variation of pH was more obvious,and pH value was always higher than 1.8 in the bioleaching process.And 13.6% of copper was recovered within 60 days.RFLP results show that microbial community was dominated by L.ferriphilum in the initial stage,which oc-cupied 81% of total prokaryotes.With the bioleaching process continues,the proportion of L.ferriphi-lum decreased slowly,which only had a proportion of 13% in the final stage.The proportion of S.thermotolerans and A.caldus were increase gradually,and the proportion was 32% and 23% respec-tively in the middle stage.S.thermotolerans was the dominant microorganism in the final stage,and the proportion was up to 79%.The research results could promote to understand bioleaching characteristics and behavior of moderately thermophilic microorganisms and provide referential experience for indus-trial application.

关 键 词：生物冶金 中等嗜热富集物 低品位黄铜矿 RFLP 

分 类 号：TF18[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]