钾硅钙微孔矿物肥对褐潮土水稻生长及土壤性状的影响  

Effect of micropore potassium-silicon-calcium(PSC) mineral fertilizeron rice growth and the characteristics of brown-humid soils

作　　者：齐鑫[1] 韩成[1] 盛学斌[2] 刘建明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2011年第2期258-264,共7页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD10B04);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-N-51-06);国家星火计划重点项目(2007EA173003)资助

摘　　要：盆栽试验设置不施肥、常规施肥、常规施肥+钾硅钙微孔矿物肥4 g·盆-1、常规施肥+钾硅钙微孔矿物肥8 g·盆-1、常规施肥+钾硅钙微孔矿物肥12 g·盆-1 5个处理,研究了自主研制的钾硅钙微孔矿物肥对褐潮土水稻生长、产量及土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明:与常规施肥相比,加施钾硅钙微孔矿物肥后土壤容重降低0.04 g.cm-3,土壤孔隙度增加1.8%,土壤有效硅、有效钾含量分别提高9.4～27.0 mg·kg-1和10.6～39.7 mg·kg-1,土壤pH提高0.1个单位。在水稻生长方面,加施矿物肥可提高叶片叶绿素含量,旗叶面积最高增加4.8 cm2,有效穗数增加2.3～5.0穗.盆-1,千粒重提高0.1～1.9 g,水稻平均增产幅度达13.6%。加施钾硅钙微孔矿物肥后氮、磷、钾肥利用率分别提高0.6%～7.5%、0.1%～1.5%和8.5%～13.5%。基于产量分析,褐潮土钾硅钙微孔矿物肥的最佳施用量为4 g·盆-1(相当于450 kg·hm-2)。Pot experiments were carried out to study of effects of micropore potassium-silicon-calcium（PSC） mineral fertilizer（a national invention patented product） on rice growth,yield and soil physical and chemical characteristics in brown-humid soils.Five treatments were designed,i.e.zero fertilization（T1）,conventional fertilization（T2）,conventional fertilization plus micropore PSC mineral fertilizer at 4 g·pot-1（T3）,conventional fertilization plus micropore PSC mineral fertilizer at 8 g·pot-1（T4）,and conven-tional fertilization plus micropore PSC mineral fertilizer at 12 g·pot-1（T5）.Compared with T2,results showed that the application of micropore PSC mineral fertilizer reduced soil bulk density by 0.04 g·cm-3.It also increased soil porosity,pH and contents of soil available silicon and potassium by 1.8%,0.1,9.4～27.0 mg·kg-1 and 10.6～39.7 mg·kg-1,respectively.Compared with T2,micropore PSC mineral fertilizer increased not only leaf chlorophyll content,but also rice flag leaf area by 4.8 cm2.It also increased effective panicle numbers by 2.3～5.0 spike-pot-1,1000-grain weight by 0.1～1.9 g and average yield by 13.6%.Recovery rates of N,P,K increased by 0.6%～7.5%,0.1%～1.5% and 8.5%～13.5%,respectively.Based on rice yield,the optimal recommended economic application rate of micropore PSC mineral fertilizer was 4 g·pot-1 equivalent to 450 kg·hm-2 in brown-humid soils.

关 键 词：钾硅钙微孔矿物肥 褐潮土 水稻 生长效应 土壤理化性状 产量 

分 类 号：S143.11[农业科学—肥料学]