飞行器复杂外结构的环境热流计算方法  

A Calculational Method for Environment Heat Flux on Spacecraft with Complicated Structure

作　　者：孙创[1] 夏新林[1] 戴贵龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《宇航学报》2011年第3期683-687,共5页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：提出了一种通用的、适合飞行器复杂外结构环境热流的计算方法。采用由环境映射面组成的封闭结构对空间飞行器进行包覆,根据飞行器的轨道特征及瞬时位置,确定映射面上环境热流的大小及方向。在映射封闭结构与飞行器表面组成的辐射换热系统中,通过蒙特卡罗法结合设备表面的镜、漫反射特性,计算环境映射面到各设备表面的辐射传递因子,进而获得在轨飞行器不同位置的瞬时环境热流。计算中考虑了结构表面间的遮挡及多次反射问题,解决了空间飞行器因设备众多、尺寸差异大、表面辐射特性不同等给热流计算带来的困难,并为后期的热分析计算提供精确数据。A widespread appliance method for calculating environment heat flux on spacecraft with complicated structure is presented. The spacecraft in the enclosed structure composed with mapping plane for environment is enveloped.According to the characters of the spacecraft orbit and instantaneous position,the external heat flux on mapping plane is recorded initially,including numeric value and direction.Considering the effect of shading and multi-reflecting among the surfaces,the Monte Carlo Method（MCM） became a good decision,and the radiation characteristics of the spacecraft surface like specular reflection and diffuse reflection are analyzed as well.The radiation transfer process between the mapping plane and equipments surface of spacecraft is simulated by using MCM,then the instantaneous environment heat flux of equipments is obtained calculating by radiation transfer factors.Meanwhile,the improvement for MCM could settle the difficulties caused by the complicated structure,such as a great deal of equipments and discrepancy at equipment＇s scale.

关 键 词：飞行器复杂外结构 环境热流 环境映射面 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]