门诊孤独症患儿感觉统合失调与注意缺陷多动障碍症状调查  

A survey of sensory integrative dysfunction and attention deficit and hyperactivity in 56 children with autism

作　　者：吴宝铮[1] 李雪[2] 刘靖[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省儿童医院发育与行为儿科,太原030013 [2]北京大学精神卫生研究所卫生部精神卫生重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2011年第3期203-206,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨孤独症患儿感觉统合失调和注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)症状的发生情况。方法 2007年7月至2007年11月北京大学精神卫生研究所儿科门诊4岁以上的孤独症患儿56例,进行孤独症行为检查量表(ABC)、Conner父母症状问卷、感觉统合能力发展评定量表(SIS)的评定,并运用DSM-IVADHD诊断标准对年龄≥6岁者进行诊断。结果 49例(87.5%)患儿存在感觉统合失调,其中38例(77.55%)为重度感觉统合失调;大肌肉及平衡感、触觉防御及情绪、本体感及协调3个因子分与ABC总分及ABC各因子分呈显著负相关(r=-0.272～-0.685,P<0.05及0.01);感觉统合失调组ABC总分、ABC感觉、交往及躯体因子分均明显高于非感觉统合失调组(P=0.036～0.003)。33例(58.9%)患儿存在多动症状,≥6岁29例中22例(75.9%)符合ADHD症状学诊断标准;伴多动症状或符合ADHD症状学诊断标准组ABC总分及躯体因子分均明显高于不伴多动症状或不符合ADHD症状学诊断标准组(P<0.05);存在多动症状组大肌肉及平衡感分明显低于不存在多动症状组(P<0.05);符合ADHD症状学诊断标准组,大肌肉及平衡感、本体感及协调和学习能力发展分均明显低于不符合ADHD症状学诊断标准组(P<0.05及0.01)。结论孤独症患儿常存在感觉统合失调和ADHD症状;存在感觉统合失调或ADHD症状的孤独症患儿具更加明显的孤独症核心症状;积极干预孤独症所伴随的感觉统合失调和ADHD症状很有必要。Objective To study the occurrence of sensory integrative dysfunction and attention deficit and hyperactivity in children with autism. Methods Fifty-six consecutive children meeting the autism criteria of DSM-Ⅳ in outpatient department were rated with Autism Behavior Checklist （ABC） , Conner＇ s Parent Symptom Questionnaire and Sensory Integrative Schedule （SIS）. Those above six years old were diagnosed according to the criteria of DSM-Ⅳ for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）. Results The rate of sensory integrative dysfunction was 87.5 % in children with autism. Most items of SIS negatively correlated with the factors of ABC （r =-0.272-0.685, P 〈 0.05 and 0.01）. The rate of hyperactivity in children with autism was 58.9 %. About 75.9% children aged above 6 years old met the symptom criteria of DSM-Ⅳ for ADHD. Children with hyperactivity or meeting the symptom criteria of DSM-Ⅳ for ADHD had higher ABC total and body movement score and lower score of some factor of SIS （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The children with autism usually have sensory integrative dysfunction, attention deficit and hyperactivity. Autistic children with sensory integrative dysfunction or attention deficit or hyperactivity have more severe autistic core symptom. It is necessary to intervene the sensory integrative dysfunction or attention deficit or hyperactivity in children with autism.

关 键 词：儿童孤独症 感觉统合 多动 注意缺陷多动障碍 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]