高温合金复杂薄壁零件多道次充液拉深技术  

Multi-stage Hydro-mechanical Deep Drawing of Complex Thin-walled Superalloy Parts

作　　者：朱宇[1] 万敏[1] 周应科[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100191

出　　处：《航空学报》2011年第3期552-560,共9页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

摘　　要：充液拉深(HDD)技术是薄壁零件成形的一种有效方法。针对难成形、复杂薄壁结构的某型发动机高温合金板材零件,通过分析锥面自由悬空区的起皱失稳现象,设计了多道次充液拉深结合刚模成形的技术方案,并建立了有限元分析模型。基于有限元模拟和工艺验证试验,研究了预成形高度和终成形液室压力等关键工艺参数对零件最终成形质量的影响,探讨了成形过程中起皱、破裂的失效形式,提出了优化的工艺参数。结果表明,提出的工艺方法可实现复杂薄壁、大拉深比的高温合金零件的整体精确成形,采用优化的预成形高度和终成形液室压力可获得壁厚分布均匀、成形质量较好的零件。Hydro-mechanical deep drawing（HDD） is an effective method for manufacturing thin-walled parts.In order to develop a forming process of complicated thin-walled superalloy parts,an analysis is made of the wrinkling and destabilization in the free areas of the conical wall of a workpiece,based on which a technology scheme is proposed consisting of multi-stage HDD assisted by conventional deep drawing,and its finite element models are built.The effect of key process parameters,including pre-forming depth and finishing forming cavity pressure on the quality of the parts,are explored with the assistance of numerical simulations and verification experiments.Furthermore,the failure modes during the forming process,including wrinkling and fracture,are discussed,while the technological parameters are optimized.The results indicate that the proposed technological method is feasible for the integral forming of complex thin-walled superalloy parts with large drawing ratios;moreover,parts with uniform thickness distribution and high quality can be successfully formed by using optimal pre-forming depths and finishing forming cavity pressures.

关 键 词：充液拉深 高温合金 复杂薄壁零件 预成形高度 液室压力 整体成形 

分 类 号：V261[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程] TG394[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]