套管钻井扩眼器结构设计与启动特性研究  

Research on the structural design and start-up characteristics of the casing drilling reamer

作　　者：马汝涛 纪友哲 徐玉超[3] 冯来 王辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 [3]胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2011年第3期31-34,94,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目"套管钻井技术"(2006AA06A107);中国石油集团公司科技项目"车载小井眼套管钻井专用钻机研制"(2008C-2003)

摘　　要：针对常规扩眼器井眼扩大率较小,难以满足套管钻井作业要求的问题,设计了一种用于套管钻井技术的液压臂式扩眼器。综合考虑钻井液流量、主喷嘴结构、心轴与壳体的摩擦力等因素对扩眼臂张开程度的影响,建立了该扩眼器串联在钻头上方时扩眼臂的力学模型。计算表明,扩眼臂的旋转角速度与心轴上下运动线速度呈线性关系;扩眼臂与井壁接触后产生的反推力将阻碍其开启动作,接触力的大小受多种因素控制。扩眼器由液压驱动,扩眼臂的开启动作受喷嘴特性影响很大。实际应用中,应优化设计复位弹簧及心轴等部件,从而提高扩眼器启动的可靠性。In light of the problem that the hole expansion rate of the ordinary reamer is small so as not to satisfy the requirement of casing drilling operation,a kind of hydraulic arm-type reamer for casing drilling technology was designed.After a comprehensive consideration of the effect of the drilling fluid flow,the structure of the main nozzle,the frictional force between the mandrel and the shell on the opening degree of the reamer arm,a mechanical model of the reamer arm was established when the reamer was in serial connection above the drill bit.The calculation showed that the velocity of the rotation angle of the reamer arm was in a linear relation to the linear velocity of the upward and downward movement of the mandrel.The reaction thrust produced by the contact between the reamer arm and the borehole wall would prevent its start-up action and the contact force was controlled by several factors.The reamer was hydraulically driven and the start-up action of the reamer arm was remarkably affected by the nozzle properties.In practical application,the design of the reset spring,mandrel and other parts should be optimized so as to improve the start-up reliability of the reamer.

关 键 词：套管钻井 扩眼器 力学模型 结构设计 启动特性 

分 类 号：TE249[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]