锂离子电池的安全性技术  

Safety Enhancing Methods for Li-Ion Batteries

作　　者：夏兰[1] 李素丽[1] 艾新平[1] 杨汉西[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第2期328-335,共8页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20773095);国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2007AA03Z224);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2009CB220103)资助

摘　　要：锂离子电池兼具高比能和高比功率特性,是目前最为理想的动力与储能电源体系。然而,由于存在安全隐患,大容量和高功率锂离子电池的商业化应用受到了很大程度的限制。因此,发展自激发安全保护技术,提高锂离子电池的使用安全性,是近年来锂离子电池的研究热点之一。本文简要介绍了几种旨在提高锂离子电池安全性的自激发安全保护技术的作用原理,包括可聚合单体添加剂、氧化还原穿梭剂、电压敏感隔膜和温度敏感电极,分析了这些技术的应用特点和研究现状,并对相关领域的发展方向进行了展望。Li-ion battery （LIB） has been considered as a preferred power source for electric vehicles and energy storage devices due to its high energy density and high rate capability. However, the safety concern severely hinders the developments and applications of large capacity or high power LIBs in these fields. To solve this problem,mang efforts have been focused on the development of internal and self-activating safety mechanisms for LIBs in recent years. This paper is intended to review the recent progresses in this field, including polymerizable electrolyte additives, redox shuttle, potential-sensitive separator, and temperature-sensitive eleetrode. The problems and further orientation in this research area are discussed after a brief introduction to their working mechanisms and research status.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 安全性 过充保护 电解液添加剂 温度敏感电极 

分 类 号：O646.21[理学—物理化学] TM911[理学—化学]