固体氧化物燃料电池关键材料及电池堆技术  

The Key Materials and the Stacks of SOFCs

作　　者：陈建颖[1] 曾凡蓉[1] 王绍荣[1] 陈玮[1] 郑学斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,上海200050

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第2期463-469,共7页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2007AA05Z151);中国科学院创新项目(No.kgcx2-yw-314-1)资助

摘　　要：本文综述了固体氧化物燃料电池的关键材料——电解质、阴极以及阳极材料,总结了目前的研究现状以及今后的发展趋势,阐明了各种材料的作用与意义。按照不同类别比较了各关键材料的优缺点,以及改进各种关键材料的方法与途径,为提高电池各个组件的性能,从而提高固体氧化物燃料电池的整体性能,即电池堆的性能提供参考。另外,本文对中科院上海硅酸盐研究所在电池堆方面的研究也进行了相应的总结与阐述:经过系列研究,目前已成功解决了平板堆高温密封难题,实现了电池堆的冷热循环;在双极连接板方面,不仅对气道和密封结构进行了成功的设计,而且攻克了等离子喷涂法制备合金抗高温氧化涂层的技术关键。自主设计开发了1 000W级和5 000W级的SOFC电池堆测试平台,运行的电堆中最大功率超过800W,最长运行时间超过1 400h,衰减率小于3%/1 000h。In this review, various kinds of key materials of solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs） are summarized such as the electrolyte, cathode, and anode materials. Their functions, requirements, and development tendency are discussed. Different key materials are compared in order to find the way of improving their performance. In addition, the development of the SOFC stacks in Shanghai Institute of Ceramic is also introduced. The Researchers have solved the problem of high temperature sealing and succeeded in thermal cycling; as for the interconnector, they have successfully designed the structures for gas flowing and sealing, and solved the key problems of plasma spraying for the alloy protecting layer; they have also developed the test devices for the 1 000W and 5 000W SOFC stacks. The highest power obtained was more than 800W; the longest operation time was over 1 400h with the degradation rate being less than 3%/1 000h.

关 键 词：固体氧化物燃料电池 阳极 阴极 电解质 电池堆 

分 类 号：TM911.47[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O611.62[理学—无机化学]