锂硫电池关键材料研究进展与展望  

Research Progress and Prospects of Lithium Sulfur Batteries

作　　者：董全峰[1] 王翀[1] 郑明森[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门361005

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第2期533-539,共7页Progress in Chemistry

摘　　要：锂硫电池是一类极具发展前景的高容量储能体系。通过近10年的研究和开发,人们对这一体系的了解不断深入。虽然对其电化学过程中的复杂反应机理尚没有完整系统的理论描述,但是围绕正极材料的研究工作仍取得了很多成果,这为我们深入了解该体系的复杂性提供了诸多素材。本文回顾了过去10年间在该领域取得的成果,从锂硫电化学体系、正极材料、电解质、电极结构和基于锂硫电池反应的新体系几个方面展开,结合本实验室的研究工作,介绍了锂硫电池的研究现状,分析了该体系的缺陷和存在的问题,并展望了今后的发展方向和前景。Lithium sulfur battery is a high capacity energy storage system with very bright future, and it is considered as the next generation portable energy supply device for electronic vehicle （EV） and hybrid vehicle （HEV）. Through decades of research and development, people understand this system stepwisely. The electrochemistry of sulfur cathode is very complex and hard to he examined, which is the key point to develop lithium sulfur battery. Although there are many unknown mechanisms in the electrochemical process of charge/ discharge of the lithium sulfur battery, some achievements have been made on the development of cathode materials which provide various sources to study. Sulfur is an insulating molecular crystal, carbon is added as the additive reagent to improve the electric conductivity in the cathode, sulfur/carbon composite is common as cathode active material in lithium sulfur battery. Ethers and polymers are employed as the components of the electrolytes to coordinate with sulfur cathode. This paper reviews the achievements on lithium sulfur battery in the past decade from the respects of lithium sulfur battery system, cathode materials, electrolytes, cathode structure and new systems based on lithium sulfur battery. The weaknesses are revealed and the future is prospected.

关 键 词：锂硫电池 正极材料 复合材料 电化学性能 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学] TM912.9[理学—化学]