大蒜油聚氨酯微胶囊的制备及在皮革上的应用  

Preparation of Polyurethane Microcapsule of Garlic Oil and its Application in Leather Industry

作　　者：辜海彬[1] 王治远[1] 李洋鑫[1] 王向华[1] 陈武勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国皮革》2011年第5期26-31,共6页China Leather

基　　金：四川大学青年科学研究基金(2008034);科技部国际科技合作项目(2009DFA42850)

摘　　要：采用界面聚合法,以聚氨酯为壁材,制备大蒜油的聚氨酯微胶囊乳液,考察了几种反应条件对其粒径和乳液稳定性的影响,结果表明:当采用机械搅拌进行乳化,反应温度为50℃,分散剂海藻酸钠用量为0.1%时,微胶囊乳液的稳定性最佳。用激光粒度Zeta电位仪、SEM和GC-MS对产品测定的结果表明:微胶囊呈球形,粒径为2μm左右,带负电荷,微胶囊化后大蒜油的含硫抗菌组分相对含量明显减少,但主要成分变化不大。大蒜油微胶囊乳液对几种代表性细菌、霉菌和酵母菌的最低抑菌浓度在0.1%～0.4%范围内,微胶囊化后大蒜油的抗菌性能稍有减弱。以大蒜油微胶囊乳液对蓝湿革进行抗菌处理,抑菌圈测定结果表明:当用量为0.5%～1.5%(以大蒜油计)时,蓝湿革对青霉和黑曲霉有明显的抑制效果。此外,用大蒜油微胶囊乳液处理后,皮革的物理机械性能变化不大,但厚度明显增加。The microcapsule of garlic oil was prepared by the interfacial polymerization method with polyurethane as wall amaterial, and the influence of several reaction conditions on the diameters of microcapsules as well as the stability of the prepared e mulsion were investigated. Results show that, when the reaction conditions are ordinary mechanical stirring system, 50℃ and 0.1% of dispersant agent, the prepared product has the best stability. Its analytical results of laser particle and zeta potential analyzer, SEM the surface and GC - MS shows that the microcapsule particles assume the spherical shape, their average size is around 21xm, and charge is negative, in addition, after microencapsulation, the relative contents of sulfur - bearing compounds of garlic oil decrease clearly, but there is no obvious change in its main component. Compared with the original garlic oil, the antimicrobial effect of the prepared microcapsule product slightly weakens, and its minimum inhibitory concentrations against representative bacteria, moulds and yeasts are in the range of 0.1% -0.4%. As a leather fungicide, the microencapsulated garlic oil was used to treat goat wet blue. And the evaluation results of the inhibition zone method indicates that the treated wet blue shows obvious inhibitory effect against the tested Penicillium and Aspergillus niger when the concentration of garlic oil is 0.5% - 1.5%. Moreover, after treatment, there is no notable effect on the physical and mechanical properties of wet blue, but its thickness increases obviously.

关 键 词：大蒜油 聚氨酯微胶囊 皮革 防霉 

分 类 号：TS529[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]