未婚青少年避孕知识状况及其影响因素分析  

Study on Contraceptive Knowledge and Related Factors among the Unmarried Adolescents and Youths

作　　者：孙峰[1,2] 涂晓雯[2] 程艳[2] 楼超华[2] 高尔生[2] Laurie S.Zabin 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200032 [2]上海市计划生育科学研究所,上海200032 [3]Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health,Baltimore,USA

出　　处：《生殖与避孕》2011年第2期110-116,共7页Reproduction and Contraception

基　　金：美国约翰霍普金斯大学盖茨人口研究所资助(JHU PURCHASE ORDER:979-2020)

摘　　要：目的:了解上海市15～24岁未婚青少年避孕知识状况及其影响因素。方法:本研究为横断面调查,于2006.05～2007.01采用多阶段抽样方法共调查15～24岁未婚青少年6 023名。调查采用匿名电子问卷,其中基本情况由调查员问填,敏感信息由青少年自填。调查内容包括对象人口学特征和避孕相关知识等。结果:在所调查的10种避孕方法中,男性知晓率较高的为避孕套(85.7%)、口服避孕药(71.3%)和紧急避孕药(45.4%);女性为避孕套(88.9%)、口服避孕药(77.9%)和手术节育(49.6%)。在男、女对象认为有效的避孕方法中,前3位依次为避孕套(男:90.9%,女:82.2%)、口服避孕药(男:58.9%,女:57.7%)和手术节育(男:46.5%,女:49.3%)。男性对象的避孕知识得分(40.9分)高于女性对象(37.3分),差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,无论男性还是女性,年龄较大、在校学生、文化程度较高、有性经历、从男/女朋友、朋友/同伴、广播/电视、书籍、网络等途径了解过避孕相关知识、避孕知识来源途径较多的以及从较为有效的知识来源获取避孕知识的对象其避孕知识水平较高。结论:上海市未婚青少年的避孕知识水平仍有待提高,在未婚青少年性行为不断增多的情况下,应向他们提供适宜的避孕知识教育。Objective：To study the knowledge level of contraceptive knowledge among unmarried adolescents and youths aged 15-24 in Shanghai and to explore its related factors.Methods：It＇s a cross-sectional study.A total sample of 6 023 unmarried adolescents and youths aged 15-24 years old in Shanghai was recruited by multiple-stage sampling approach from May 2006 to January 2007.Anonymous CASI（Computer Self-Interview） was adopted in the survey.The questionnaires for the general information were filled in by interviewers while for sensitive information was filled out by respondents themselves.Information on subjects＇ backgrounds,contraceptive related knowledge were collected in the questionnaires.Results：The top three contraceptive methods knew by male subjects were condoms（85.7%）,oral contraceptives（71.3%） and emergency contraception（45.4%）,while by female subjects were condoms（88.9%）,oral contraceptives（77.9%） and surgical sterilization（49.6%）.The top three contraceptive methods that male and female subjects thought were good at preventing pregnancy were condoms（male：90.9%,female：82.2%）,oral contraceptives（male：58.9%,female：57.7%） and surgical sterilization（male：46.5%,female：49.3%）.The contraceptive knowledge score of male subjects（40.9） was higher than that of female subjects（37.3）,the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.Respondents who had higher level of contraceptive knowledge were those who were older,students,higher educated,had sexual experience,learned contraceptive knowledge from boyfriend/girlfriend,friend/peers,radio/TV,books,internet,and had more numbers of contraceptive knowledge sources and more effective rank of contraceptive knowledge sources.Conclusion：The level of contraceptive knowledge among the unmarried adolescents and youths in Shanghai should be further improved.Appopriate education of contraceptive knowledge should be provided to them with the increasing premarital sexual behavior among unmarried adolescents and

关 键 词：避孕知识 影响因素 知识来源 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]