温度对半滑舌鳎家系生长及性别的影响  

Effects of rearing temperature on growth and sex determination in the half-smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)

作　　者：田永胜[1] 汪娣[1,2] 徐营[1] 陈松林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点开放实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛农业大学生命科学学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《水产学报》2011年第2期176-182,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972244);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2009GB23260436);山东省泰山学者建设工程专项资助

摘　　要：以建立半滑舌鳎家系为研究材料,在受精后46 d,将家系在17.5、19.5、21.5、23.5、25.5和27.5℃6个温度梯度下培育65 d;分别在受精后64、80、103、118、129、198 d测量各温度梯度下半滑舌鳎鱼苗体长和体重,利用方差分析、Student-Newman-Keuls多重比较,分析半滑舌鳎家系鱼苗的生长规律及培育温度与体长和体重的相关性。结果显示,在以上温度范围内鱼苗的生长速度随温度的升高而加快,在198 d以后,25.5℃下鱼苗生长最快(P<0.05),21.5～23.5℃次之(P<0.05),27.5℃生长下降(P<0.05),17.5～19.5℃生长最慢(P<0.05)。在17.5～27.5℃,温度与半滑舌鳎家系生长体长、体重的Pearson系数分别为0.553和0.809,都达到极显著正相关(P<0.01)。体长、体重与温度关系式分别为L=2.460 7t0.9979(R2=0.362 8)和W=9.0×10-5t2.976(R2=0.789 5)。在198 d解剖统计各温度梯度下雌雄比例,同时固定30尾鱼苗性腺,利用光学切片法辨别并统计雌雄性别比例,对获得的性别比例进行方差分析,计算温度与性别比例的相关系数。结果显示,17.5～25.5℃下雌性率为27.04%～35.60%(P>0.05),雄性率为60.19%～71.53%(P<0.05),27.5℃雌性率为53.42%(P<0.05),雄性率为43.49%(P<0.05),温度与雌性率呈正相关(0.349),与雄性率呈负相关(-0.234)。27.5℃有利于提高半滑舌鳎家系鱼苗雌性的比例。Half-smooth tongue sole（Cynoglossus semilaevis）is a commercially important cultured marine flatfish,in which females grow faster than males.However,under culture conditions,male ratio is higher than female ratio in the half-smooth tongue sole.To find out the reason,one half-smooth tongue sole family is reared for 65 days,from 64 to 129 days post-fertilization（dpf）at 17.5,19.5,21.5,23.5,25.5 and 27.5 ℃,respectively.The body size（body length and weight）of the fish was measured on 64,80,103,118,129 and 198 dpf,respectively,and then the relationships between temperature and body size were analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls.The result showed that the growth rate of tongue sole increased with the increase of temperature from 17.5-25.5 ℃（P〈0.05）and then decreased at 25.5-27.5 ℃（P〈0.05）on 198 dpf.The Pearson correlation coefficient of temperature and the body lengths and weights of tongue sole were 0.553 and 0.809（P〈0.01）,respectively.Moreover,the relationship between temperature and the body lengths and weights of tongue sole were described as equations L=2.460 7t0.997 9（R2=0.362 8）and W=9.0×10-5t2.97 6（R2=0.789 5）,respectively.In addition,the gonads of half-smooth tongue sole were analyzed by morphological examination and histological sectioning on 198 dpf.The sex proportions and correlations between temperature and sex determination were analyzed by the method of ANOVA.The result showed that,low temperature（17.5-25.5 ℃） produced a higher proportion of males（27.04%-35.60% females,P〉0.05;60.19%-71.53% males,P〈0.05）.When reared at 27.5 ℃,the proportion of female was up to 53.42%（P〈0.05）,but 43.49%（P0.05）of males.At 17.5-27.5 ℃,the temperature was positively correlated with the female（0.349）,and the male was negatively correlated（-0.234）.The study suggests that temperature plays an important role in the process of sex differentiation and growth of the half-smooth tongue sole.

关 键 词：半滑舌鳎 生长 温度 性别决定 家系 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]