中华绒螯蟹胚胎发育及几种代谢酶活性的变化  

Embryonic development and the variation of some metabolism enzyme activity during embryonic development of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

作　　者：黄晓荣[1,2] 庄平[1,2] 章龙珍[1,2] 屈亮[1,2] 姚志峰[1,2] 刘婷[1,3] 冯广朋[1,2] 刘鉴毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部海洋与河口渔业资源及生态重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]大连海洋大学生命科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产学报》2011年第2期192-199,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划(2008AA10Z227);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2007T02);农业部行业专项资金项目(200903048-07)

摘　　要：采用实验室内小规模实验的方法,在水温(16.2±1.5)℃和盐度20的条件下,对中华绒螯蟹胚胎发育过程中的形态学变化和几种重要代谢酶的活性变化进行了系统性研究。实验结果表明,中华绒螯蟹的胚胎发育过程可以分为9个主要阶段:受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、前无节幼体期、后无节幼体期、原溞状幼体期、出膜前期和孵化期;水温16℃的条件下,整个胚胎发育过程需40 d左右,有效积温达到10 758 h.℃。乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、总ATPase和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的活性都随胚胎发育时期的变化而变化,LDH活性呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在囊胚期中活性最高;总ATPase活性在原溞状幼体期最高,在原肠期最低;MDH活性在原溞状幼体期最高,在囊胚期最低。Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis grows in freshwater habitats until maturity and then migrates into saline waters to spawn.Although it is regarded as an invader causing great ecological and economic loss in European and American countries,the mitten crab has long been a fashionable table delicacy in autumn in China,Japan and other Asian countries.The study was carried out to investigate the changes of external morphological character and some metabolism enzyme activity during the embryonic development of E.sinensis at water temperature（16.2±1.5） ℃ and salinity 20 through laboratory experiment.The results indicated that the process of embryonic development could be divided into nine stages：fertilized eggs,cleavage stage,blastula stage,gastrula stage,egg-nauplius stage,egg-metanauplius stage,original zoea stage,prehatching stage and hatching stage.There were significant differences in external morphological character of each stage during the whole process.The whole incubation period is about 40 days at water temperature 16 ℃ and effective accumulative temperature reached 10 758 h·℃.The activity of LDH,total ATPase and MDH changed with the developmental stage of embryos,LDH activity increased first and then dropped with the developmental stage,the highest activity occurred at blastula stage;total ATPase activity was the highest at original zoea stage and was the lowest at gastrula stage;the activity of MDH was the highest at original zoea stage and was the lowest at blastula stage,respectively.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 胚胎发育 积温 酶活性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]