髌骨位姿异常对髌股关节接触影响的研究  

Effects of Abnormal Position and Orientation of Patella on Patellofemoral Joint Contact

作　　者：黄荣瑛[1] 徐强[1] 许勇刚[1] 郭云飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100191

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2011年第1期47-52,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50975013)

摘　　要：目的深入研究髌骨位姿异常对髌股关节的接触影响。方法通过正常膝关节MRI图像数据建立了髌股关节的正常和异常接触模型,基于正交试验对不同水平的髌股关节异常接触模型进行了有限元仿真模拟。结果 1)在膝关节屈曲过程中,髌股关节接触特性(Von Mises应力、接触压力和接触面积)对髌骨的屈曲和旋转参数最为敏感;2)髌股异常接触时软骨表面的等效应力和接触压力都明显大于正常接触时的对应值,而接触面积则明显小于正常接触的面积。3)无论髌股是正常还是异常接触,股骨软骨上的压力和等效应力都大于髌骨软骨上的对应数值,而且同一软骨上外侧的压力和等效应力均大于内侧。结论髌骨位姿异常导致髌股关节附加应力的增大与接触面积的明显减小是引发膝关节疾病的重要根源。Objective To further evaluate the effects of the abnormal position and orientation of patella on patellofemoral joint contact.Methods Normal and abnormal patellofemoral joint contact models were built from the MRI data of the normal human knee.Based on Orthogonal Experiment,different levels of abnormal patellofemoral joint contact models were analyzed by finite element simulation.Results 1） During knee flexion,patellofemoral joint contact parameters（Von Mises stress,contact pressure and contact area） were most sensitive to patellar flexion and rotation parameters.2） Equivalent stress and contact pressure of abnormal patellofemoral contact were significantly higher than the normal value,while its contact area was significantly smaller than the normal contact area.3） Whether it was normal contact or abnormal patellofemoral contact,contact pressure and equivalent stress of femoral cartilage were greater than the corresponding values of patellar cartilage,and the lateral contact pressure and equivalent stress were higher than the medial corresponding values on the same cartilage.Conclusion The increase of the additional stress and significant reduction of the patellofemoral contact area caused by abnormal position and orientation of patella are the main reason for the diseases of knee.

关 键 词：髌股关节 异常位姿 正交试验 有限元分析 接触 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]