官商关系与清末民初湖北纱布丝麻四局承租权的流转  

Government-Commercial Relations and the Circulation of Lease Rights in Four Hubei Textile Mills during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republican Period

作　　者：罗萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《近代史研究》2011年第2期65-77,161,共13页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：湖北省教育厅人文社科研究项目"民国时期的政企关系与民营企业自主发展研究"(2009Y031);三峡大学人才科研启动基金项目"近代湖北民营企业研究"(KJ2010B009)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：清末民初,以官办企业的衰败为动因,以政府振兴工商实业的政策革新为契机,湖北纺纱、织布、缫丝、制麻四个官局实行了招商承租。四局承租权随后在多个民营企业依仗当政官僚的庇护争相角逐下辗转易手,四局承租权的流转历程,既是几个民营企业凭借官商私谊及其背后的官权保护依次争得"官业"承租权,进而快速孵化、诞生、成长的过程,也是这些民营企业一个个在官商私谊与官权干预侵害下丧失"官业"承租权,进而相继解散的过程。四局在此期间生产管理和经营绩效均取得一定进展,但最终还是在承租权为当政官僚所左右的频频转移中走向了没落。四局招商承租举措由此在实施过程中与政府振兴工商实业的政策初衷发生背离。During the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republican period,the Hubei authorities invited outside investors to least Hubei's four government-run textile mills for spinning,weaving,reeling and flax-weaving. This measure was motivated by the general decline of government-run enterprises,and took advantage of Qing policy reforms designed to vigorously develop industry and commerce. From then on,the lease rights for the four mills circulated among many enterprises that relied on the protection of officials in power. The circulation of the lease rights of the four mills was a process through which several private enterprises relied on private friendships with government officials and the protection of those officials to successively gain the lease rights for the 'government-run enterprises' and then swiftly incubate,launch and develop their businesses. It was also a process through which these private enterprises successively lost their lease rights and then disbanded due to government intervention and interference from private friendships with government officials. During this period there were definite improvements in the management of production and in the business operations of the four mills,but in the end the mills declined because of the frequent transfers of their lease rights under the influence of officials in power. Therefore,the measures to invite outside investors to lease the four mills deviated in its implementation from the Qing government policy's original intention to rigorously develop industry and commerce.

关 键 词：湖北纱布丝麻四局 招商承租 官商关系 

分 类 号：F426.81[经济管理—产业经济] K257[历史地理—历史学]