光周期对白头鹎体重、器官重量和能量代谢的影响  

Effects of photoperiod on body mass,organ masses and energy metabolism in Chinese bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis)

作　　者：倪小英[1] 林琳[2] 周菲菲[1] 王小华[1] 柳劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江温州325035 [2]杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第6期1703-1713,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670324;30870377);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y506089)

摘　　要：光周期是四季环境变化的最直接表现因素之一,并影响动物的生理变化特征。为探讨光周期驯化对白头鹎(Pycnonotussinensis)体重、器官重量及能量代谢的影响,以室温28℃、不同光周期(16L∶8D,LD组和8L∶16D,SD组)对两组白头鹎进行为期4周的光周期驯化,测定其体重、各器官鲜重和干重、基础代谢率(BMR)和食物摄入能、排泄能及同化能并计算同化率。结果发现,SD组个体体重、内部器官(肝、小肠)重量、BMR及同化率相应显著高于LD组个体;短光照刺激白头鹎显著降低摄入能、排泄能及同化能。这些结果表明:光周期对白头鹎的体重、器官重量、BMR及能量收支有着一定影响,并且短光照较长光照更能引起白头鹎体重、器官重量及能量代谢的明显变化,同时验证了"中心限制假说",即白头鹎BMR与中心器官代谢(肝、小肠等)具有相关性,中心器官是改变白头鹎BMR的主要原因之一。Photoperiod acts as an environmental zeitgeber for seasonal acclimatization of thermoregulation in some birds.The present study was designed to examine the effects of photoperiod alone on the plasticity of body mass,metabolic organs and metabolism in Chinese bulbul（Pycnonotus sinensis）.Twenty adult Chinese bulbuls were live-trapped by mist net in Wenzhou Zhejiang Province（27°29′N,120°51′E） from March to April 2008.After one week adaptation to laboratory conditions,they were randomly assigned into either long（LD;16L∶8D,n=10） or short photoperiod（SD;8L∶16D,n=10） for 4 weeks at a constant temperature（28℃）.Food was provided in excess of the birds′ needs and water was supplied ad lib.The birds were weighed（to 0.01g,Sartorius balance model BT25S） immediately after live-trapped,and weighed again at a week interval over the period of photoperiodic acclimation.Energy intake was measured in metabolic cages.Food residues and feces were collected on the first day of the experiment and also at a weekly basis,and the caloric contents of them were determined using a oxygen bomb calorimeter（C200,Germany IKA）.Metabolic rate（MR） was measured using a closed circuit respirometer.Chamber temperature was controlled within（28±0.5）℃ by water bath.Birds were killed and dissected on the day after metabolic measurements,and organ masses were weighed（to 0.1mg,Sartorius balance model BS110S） immediately. During acclimation,we found the body mass and energy budget of Chinese bulbuls began to have significant differences in two light conditions after the first week.Body mass of SD birds became significantly higher than LD individuals,and all of gross energy intake,excretion energy and digestible energy intake decreased remarkably in SD birds,but energy budget except digestible energy intake kept stable in LD individuals.After the 4 weeks of acclimation,SD birds showed significantly higher body mass,basal metabolic rate（BMR）,digestibility,as well as central organ masses（liver and sm

关 键 词：白头鹎 光周期 体重 器官重量 基础代谢率 能量收支 

分 类 号：Q41[生物学—生理学]