两个不同类型彩色棉品种纤维发育的生理特征  

Physiological Characteristics Associated with Fiber Development in Two Different Types of Natural Colored-Cotton Cultivars

作　　者：张祥[1] 刘晓飞[1] 吕春花[1] 董召娣[1] 陈源[1] 陈德华[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》2011年第3期489-495,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：扬州大学新世纪学术带头人基金;江苏省"青蓝工程"学术带头人培养基金;江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[cx(08)114];江苏省自然科学基金企业创新项目(BK2009653);江苏省高校自然科学基金(07KJB210128)资助

摘　　要：选择天然棕色棉品种湘彩棉2号和绿色棉品种皖棉39,研究其纤维发育相关生理特征。结果表明,与常规白色陆地棉苏棉9号(对照)相比,湘彩棉2号和皖棉39纤维中纤维素含量较低,并且纤维中纤维素积累随花后天数增加的S型曲线符合Richards方程,拟合系数达0.999以上,其纤维素积累最大值、累积速率参数、最大增长速率明显低于对照普通白棉,且绿色棉又低于棕色棉。天然彩色棉叶片中SPAD值、可溶性糖含量、蔗糖转化酶活性,铃壳和纤维中腺苷三磷酸(ATP)酶活性、蔗糖合酶(SS)活性和尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖(UDPG)焦磷酸化酶活性低于普通白棉,导致彩色棉纤维发育过程中无法获得充足的养分,最终影响其纤维品质。这也解释了彩色棉Richards方程模拟纤维素积累速率较慢的结果。相关分析进一步表明,彩色棉开花后40d纤维中SS活性、UDPG焦磷酸化酶活性和GA3含量与成熟期纤维成熟度、纤维比强度均呈显著线性正相关关系(r=0.884*,r=0.895*;r=0.914*,r=0.935*;r=0.990*,r=0.988*),说明天然彩色棉纤维中代谢物质和关键酶活性低,影响了其最终纤维品质。The objective of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of fiber in the subtending leaf of natural colored-cotton in fiber development,and to provide theoretical basis for improvement of natural colored-cotton fiber quality using brown cotton cultivar Xiangcaimian 2,green cotton cultivar Wanmian 39,and white fiber control Sumian 9 by measuring the changes of metabolite and enzyme activities.The results showed that compared with the control,fiber cellulose accumulation for Xiangcaimian 2 and Wanmian 39 was lower,changing with an＂S＂curve,which could be simulated well by Richards equation with a fitting coefficient of above 0.999.Maximum accumulation,accumulative rate parameter and maximum accumulative rate for cellulose of colored cotton were all lower than those of white cotton.SPAD,soluble sugar content,activity of sucrose invertase in leaf and sucrose invertase,sucrose synthase（SS）,UGPase activities in fiber for colored cotton were smaller than those for white cotton.As a result,there were no enough nutrients for fiber development and the fiber quality was worse.By correlation analysis,SS and UGPase activities and the GA3 content in fiber for colored cotton were significantly and positively correlated with fiber maturation and fiber strength（r=0.884,r=0.895 ;r=0.914,r=0.935 ;r=0.990,r=0.988）,indicating that lower metabolite and enzyme activities in natural colored-cotton led to worse fiber quality.

关 键 词：天然彩色棉 纤维品质 酶活性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]