有机磷农药降解菌的筛选及其降解能力的研究  

Selection and degradation capacity analysis of organophosphorus pesticide degradation strains

作　　者：姜华[1] 石爽[1,2] 胡晓静[3] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]沈阳音乐学院大连校区,辽宁大连116650 [3]辽宁出入境检验检疫局,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期93-97,共5页Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目(2008S135)

摘　　要：从活性污泥中筛选出2株具有降解有机磷农药——乐果的细菌,经鉴定1号菌为粪产碱菌(Alcaligenes faecalis)、2号菌为麻疹孪生球菌(Gemella morbillorum).以气相色谱法检测了2种菌对乐果的降解能力,其降解率分别为71.8%和54.9%,对乐果最大耐受浓度分别为6 000,7 000 mg/L;以2菌株处理不同浓度乐果污染的土壤,二者均能降低乐果对土壤转化酶、过氧化氢酶活性的抑制.在50 mg/kg乐果污染的土壤中,于处理第5、30天采样检测,1号菌乐果降解率分别为55.1%和86%,2号菌为22.9%和73.2%.在150 mg/kg乐果污染的土壤中,于处理第5、30天采样检测,1号菌乐果降解率分别为24.3%和56.5%,2号菌为18.3%和34.8%.处理与对照比较均差异极显著.1号菌降解乐果的效果好于2号菌.Two strains of bacteria,No.1 and No.2,which can degrade a kind of organophosphorus pesticides Rogor,were isolated from the samples of active sludge using microbiology methods.The No.1 strain belongs to Alcaligenes faecalis and the No.2 strain belongs to Gemella morbillorum.The degradation rates were calculated by detecting the residue levels of dimethoate in the samples with gas chromatography.Results showed that the degradation rates of No.1 and No.2 strains to dimethoate were 71.8% and 54.9% separately,and their maximum tolerance concentrations were 6 000 mg/L and 7 000 mg/L,respectively.Both of the strains were able to reduce the inhibition of dimethoate to the enzymatic activities of invertase and catalase in soils contaminated with different concentrations of dimethoate.Sampling at the 5th day and the 30th day after treatment,the dimethoate degradation rates of No.1 bacteria to dimethoate of 50 mg/kg in soil were 55.1% and 86%,and that of No.2 strain were 22.9% and 73.2%,respectively,while the soil samples which contained 150 mg/kg dimethoate,No.1 strain degrade 24.3% and 56.5% of dimethoate separately,and No.2 strain degrade 18.3% and 34.8% of dimethoate,respectively.Treated groups were significantly different from controls.The effect of No.1 strain on dimethoate degradation was better than that of No.2.

关 键 词：乐果 降解菌 微生物修复 

分 类 号：Q939.99[生物学—微生物学]