大菱鲆4个引进地理群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析  

Analysis of genetic structure among four different stocks of turbot Scophthalmus maximus using microsatellite technique

作　　者：侯仕营[1,2] 马爱军[1] 王新安[1] 黄智慧[1] 薛宝贵[1,2] 杨志 曲江波 

机构地区：[1]青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,201306 [3]烟台开发区天源水产有限公司,264003

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2011年第1期16-23,共8页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(nycytx-50);国家支撑计划专题(2006BAD01A12012);农业公益性行业科研专项经费(nyhyzx07-046);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(2009-ts-11)共同资助

摘　　要：利用12对微卫星分子标记对大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus 4个引进地理群体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,等位基因数（A）为2~10个,平均等位基因数为4.3,有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.6~6.1,平均有效等位基因数为2.7,各位点的杂合度观测值（Ho）为0.0000~0.5625,杂合度期望值（He）为0.3823~0.8416。各群体之间无偏倚杂合度期望值由小到大依次为丹麦群体、英国群体、法国群体、挪威群体,运用SPSS软件对无偏倚杂合度期望值进行Kruskal-Wallis检验,其结果（H=4.438,df=3,P=0.218）表明,4个群体的遗传多样性差异不显著。群体间平均遗传分化指数（Fst）为0.1117,各群体之间存在中度遗传分化。用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,4个群体聚为两类,挪威群体和丹麦群体聚为一类,法国群体和英国群体聚为一类。结合Hardy-Weinberg平衡和遗传偏离指数（d）,4个群体都不同程度的偏离平衡。4个群体具有一定的遗传分化、较好的遗传多样性,适合作为大规模家系选育的基础群体。Genetic diversities within and between four geographical stocks of turbot Scophthalmus maximus（imported from Norway,Denmark,France,and UK） were assessed through 12 microsatellite loci.The results showed that the number of alleles（A） and effective alleles（Ne） were in the range of 2~10 and 1.6~6.1,with an average of 4.3 and 2.7,respectively.The observed heterozygosities（Ho） and unbiased expected heterozygosities（He） ranged in 0.000 0~0.562 5 and 0.382 3~0.841 6 respectively.The rank of the He values for the four stocks in an increasing order was： DenmarkUKFranceNorway.A comparison by Kruskal-Wallis test（SPSS software）（H=4.438,df=3,P=0.218） revealed that there was no significant difference in genetic diversities of the four geographical stocks.Genetic diversity coefficient（Fst） was 0.111 7,which indicated that there was moderate genetic differentiation among these four geographical stocks.The genetic distance of the four geographical stocks was calculated and the cluster analysis by UPGMA method was carried out.The stocks were pooled into two groups： one goup of Norway and Denmark stocks,the other group of France and UK stocks.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and genetic deviation index（d） showed a reasonable difference within each stock.

关 键 词：大菱鲆 地理群体 微卫星 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q959.486[生物学—动物学] Q173