地动仪复原模型的造型设计  

Mould Design for the Restored Model of Zhang Heng's Seismometer

作　　者：武玉霞[1] 王培波[2] 冯锐[1] 李先登 朱晓民[4] 李辉[4] 田凯 吴健[6] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震台网中心,北京100045 [2]清华大学美术学院,北京100084 [3]国家博物馆,北京100006 [4]北京机械工业自动化研究所,北京100011 [5]河南博物院,郑州450002 [6]中国地震局地球物理所,北京100081

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2011年第1期73-90,共18页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"地动仪复原模型原大结构的实验研究"(项目编号:40644019);中国地震局科学研究专项"地动仪复原模型的优化和定型设计"

摘　　要：地动仪复原模型的造型设计是科学复原的一个重要部分,既是实现仪器功能的需要,也是展现汉代文化和艺术的一种方式,涉及到结构造型和艺术造型两方面的研究。文章回顾了史料和考古研究的新进展,介绍了筒状、钟状和卵状三类现有的造型。基于中国地震局和国家文物局专家组所完成的新复原模型,分析了结构基形、悬挂点位置、调整结构和仪器稳定性等结构问题,对新模型的造型设计和研究思路做了具体介绍。Mould design for the restored model of Zhang Heng＇s seismometer is one of the important parts in restoration research,whose outside mould reflects the basic requirement of instrumental function and which is also a visual form of displaying to a certain degree the culture and art in Han dynasty.So the mould design of the restored model includes the two study aspects of structural mould and art mould.In this paper,some new results obtained from the relevant historical literatures and archaeological study are reviewed first,and then the three kinds of tube-,bell-and egg-shaped moulds designed in existing models are discussed briefly.Based on the newly restored model turned out by the research group of China Earthquake Administration and State Cultural Relics Bureau,in addition to analyzing the corresponding design restoration of basic shape,the position of upper hanging point,adjusting structure and instrumental stability relating to structural mould,the paper also introduces the design idea,cultural succession and art expression relating to art mould.The purpose of design restoration of Zhang Heng＇s seismometer is for better displaying Zhang Heng＇s great historical contribution to the world.

关 键 词：张衡地动仪 汉代文化和艺术 结构造型 艺术造型 设计复原 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]