油菜角果开裂敏感性形成的研究  

Study on the formation of silique dehiscence susceptability in oilseed rape

作　　者：郑少清[1] 莫肖蓉[1] 朱成 曾广文[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物科学系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》1999年第5期462-466,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金

摘　　要：从油菜角果发育过程中角果含水量、乙烯合成速率、外切 ＰＧ 酶和内切纤维素酶活性，以及角果裂区切片观察等方面研究了角果开裂敏感性形成的原因⒚花后５０ ｄ 的角果果柄端壳状果瓣和线状果瓣间的裂区薄壁细胞膨大，在高倍光学显微镜下可见胞间空隙开始形成⒚此前６ ｄ 内乙烯合成速率迅速上升并出现第二次合成高峰，与之同步发生外切 ＰＧ酶和内切纤维素酶活性急剧上升，而乙烯合成第二高峰出现于角果含水量低于８０％ 以下⒚由此看来，角果失水引起乙烯合成第二高峰出现，从而导致水解酶活性上升，最终导致果瓣裂区薄壁细胞膨大。The formation of silique dehsicence susceptibility was investigated in terms of water content, synthetic rate of ethylene, enzyme activity of exo polygalacturonase (PG) and end cellulase , cell alteration in dehiscence zone in silique and silique dehiscence susceptibility during silique development.The results showed that there are two peak of ethylene synthesis during silique development. The late one related to the synthesis of exo polygalacturonase and endo cellulase. It initiated at 44 th day after anthesis. The peak appeared at 50 th day after anthesis. The activities of exo PG and endo cellulase sharply increased from 44 th day after anthesis with increase of ethylene synthesis. The activity peak appeared at 56 th day after anthesis. With the increase of activity of hydrolytic enzymes, the parenchyma cells swelled and occurred initially separating in dehiscence zone of silique, and silique dehiscence susceptibility occurred . While the initiation of the second peak of ethylene synthesis occurred when water content of silique drop down to below 80%.

关 键 词：油菜 角果开裂敏感性 乙烯 内切纤维素酶 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] Q945.3[生物学—植物学]