黄河三角洲原油污染土壤的微生物固定化修复技术  

Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil with Immobilized Microorganism in Yellow River Delta

作　　者：胡文稳[1] 王震宇[1] 刘居东[2] 许颖[1] 李锋民[1] Baoshan Xing 高冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [3]Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, University of Massachusetts,Amherst MA01003, USA

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第3期116-120,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2006BAC01A13);教育部“新世纪优秀人才计划”(NCET-06-0599);国家自然科学基金(50809065)

摘　　要：研究从原油污染土壤中驯化分离出高效石油烃降解菌系,以海藻酸钠和硅藻土复合载体将其制备成固定化菌,比较了固定化降解菌与游离菌对土壤中原油的降解率以及它们在土壤中活性与数量的变化。结果表明,土著降解菌经驯化后显示了较高的耐受性和环境适应能力,固定化降解菌产生了较同等菌量的游离菌明显高的降解优势,特别是在实验初期(20天时),低(IL)、中(IM)、高(IH)三个固定化菌接种处理比同等接种量的游离菌分别高出12.4%、10.1%和6.4%,并且低接种量的固定化菌表现了比高接种量的游离菌更强的降解优势;30天后,各实验组降解菌的数量和微生物活性趋于稳定,相应的原油降解率也趋于缓慢。另外,所用载体均不会破坏土壤结构,适用于长期大面积石油污染土壤的现场修复。Efficient hydrocarbon degrading consortium isolated from crude oil contaminated soil was immobilized with sodium alginate and diatomite.Degradation rate of crude oil,microorganism activity and number changes in the soil microcosms were compared between the soils inoculated with immobilized and free degrading consortium.Results showed that the indigenous hydrocarbon degrading consortium had a higher tolerance and environmental adaptability after being naturalized and cultivated,and the immobilized consortium produced higher degradation rate than free consortium of the equal amount.After 20days of inoculation,the degradation rates of crude oil in the microcosms inoculated with low,mid and high amount of immobilized consortium were higher than those with the same amount of free consortium by 12.4%,10.1% and 6.4% respectively.The microcosms with low amount of immobilized consortium inoculation reflected higher degradation rate than those with high amount of free consortium inoculation.After 30days of inoculation,the microorganism activity and numbers in all microcosms tended to remain stable,and the corresponding degradation rate of crude oil tended to slow down.The immobilization carrier would not disrupt the soil structure,which is suitable for on-site bioremediation of long-term large scale petroleum contaminated soil.

关 键 词：土著降解菌 载体 石油污染物降解 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]