昆明市城市河流景观特征及其变化分析  

Analysis of Landscape Characteristics and Changes of Urban Rivers in Kunming

作　　者：刘路明[1] 彭明春[1] 王崇云[1] 袁睿佳[1,2] 杨树华[1,2] 董云霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省生物多样性保护信息中心,云南昆明650091 [3]云南大学亚洲国际河流中心,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第3期121-125,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项研究课题资助(2008ZX07102-004)

摘　　要：河流作为一种自然要素,是城市生态系统的重要组成部分。近年来,城市河流的廊道功能退化,导致其生态质量不断恶化,河流生态功能的正常实现关系到整个城市的可持续发展和城市人居环境的适宜度。应用景观生态学原理对城市河流展开多尺度、多学科的综合研究是解决城市河流问题的必然趋势。根据景观生态学的廊道理论、尺度格局原理、源汇理论等,在现状调查的基础上,对昆明城市河流进行空间特征和网络特征的格局分析。结果表明,城市河流河岸植被带宽度达不到有效防治水污染的目的,大部分城市河流曲度低,蜿蜒性较差;近30年来,主城区河流密度降低了三分之二,且分布不均;通过吸纳、截留污染物的汇景观的河流仅占8.8%,生态城市的建设中应加强城市河流的合理规划和生态修复。River as physical element is an important constitute in urban ecosystem.In recent years,ecological quality of urban rivers is becoming worse and worse with the degradation of its ecological functioning which are closed related to urban sustainable development and suitability for human settlement.It is necessary to apply a multi-disciplinary and multi-scale approach to study urban rivers based on landscape ecology theory.Spatial and network characteristics of urban rivers in Kunming were analyzed at middle scale.Results indicated that the riparian vegetated bands of urban rivers were too narrow to control pollutants.Many urban rivers had a low curvature ratio.In the past 30 years,the density of urban rivers reduced in three fold.Rivers run through sink-landscape where pollutants were absorbed and eliminated were only 8.8%.It was proposed that planning and rehabilitating of urban rivers should be implemented in the construction of eco-city.

关 键 词：城市河流 尺度 格局 河流廊道 土地利用 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]