生物质热解过程中NO、NH_3和HCN的释放特性  

Formation of NO,NH_3 and HCN during pyrolysis of biomass

作　　者：王宗华[1] 张军营[1] 赵永椿[1] 李扬[1] 郑楚光[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学煤燃烧国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2011年第2期99-102,共4页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40972102;50906031);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划;2010CB227003)

摘　　要：在氩气气氛下,利用固定床反应器对稻草(DC)、麦杆(MG)和锯末(JM)三种生物质进行热解实验,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)在线检测热解气体产物中的含氮组分,分析各种气相含氮组分的释放规律。实验结果表明,由于锯末中木质素含量较高,锯末热解开始快速释放NO、NH3和HCN的温度明显高于稻草和麦杆。稻草热解过程中生成的NH3、HCN和NO量最大。低温下NH3的生成至少部分与生物质中氨基结构的分解有关,HCN的生成温度较高。不同生物质热解过程中NO、NH3和HCN释放特性的差异,是由生物质大分子结构不同、灰分含量及成分不同、N含量不同等决定的,以及氮在生物焦、焦油和气相间的分配差异造成的。Rice straw（DC）,wheat straw（MG） and sawdust（JM） were pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed reactor under argon atmosphere at 10 ℃/min.The nitrogenous components in the product gases were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer（FT-IR）.The results show that the releasing temperature of NH3,HCN and NO of JM is apparently higher than that of DC and MG,which is due to the higher content of lignin in JM.DC releases more NH3,HCN and NO than MG and JM during pyrolysis.The NH3 formed at lower temperature is at least partly related to the thermal decomposition of the amino structures.The formation of HCN may occur at a higher temperature.The nitrogen release during the biomass pyrolysis depends on the macromolecular structure,ash content,nitrogen content,and nitrogen distribution among char,tar and gas.

关 键 词：生物质 热解 氮释放 红外光谱 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]