本院呼吸内科住院患者抗菌药物使用情况调查  

Surveillance of antimicrobial prescription for inpatients with respiratory diseases in a hospital

作　　者：季闽春[1] 沈晓英[1] 金蕾[1] 杨耀芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院药剂科,上海200240

出　　处：《中国临床药理学杂志》2011年第3期225-228,共4页The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

摘　　要：目的了解本院呼吸内科住院患者抗菌药物使用情况,促进抗菌药物的处方合理性。方法回顾性调查本院呼吸内科2009年4月1日至8月31日出院的住院患者病历。内容包括患者基本情况、诊断、过敏史、用药情况、费用和用药合理性评价等。结果共220例患者,主要疾病为社区获得性肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重和急性支气管炎等。86.4%的患者做了痰培养,其中35.6%的培养结果阳性。氟喹诺酮类、头孢菌素类、青霉素类复方制剂等为最常用的抗菌药物,188例采用静脉给药,其中39例为序贯疗法。部分药物的剂量、给药间隔时间和溶媒等存在不合理现象。结论社区获得性肺炎等呼吸系统疾病的治疗能根据指南要求合理选择抗菌药物,但临床医生应该根据抗菌药物的PK/PD特点制订个体化给药方案。Objective To collect some information on antimicrobial prescription for inpatients with respiratory diseases in a hospital and to improve the appropriateness of prescriptions.Methods We retrospectively reviewed records of inpatients discharged between April 1st and August 31st 2006 at the respiratory department.Recorded information about gender,age of patients,diagnosis,history of drug allergy,antimicrobial dosage,regimen,cost and evaluated the appropriateness of prescriptions.Results A total of two hundred and twenty cases were assessed,136 were men and 84 were women,aged from 15 to 93 years old.The primary diseases were community-acquired pneumonia,chronic obstructive disease and acute bronchitis.As many as 86.4% of patients had sputum sample cultured for specific pathogens,and 35.6% of them got positive results.Fluoroquinolones,cephalosporins and penicillins combinations were the most frequently used antibiotics.One hundred and eighty-eight of patients were administrated by intravenous,and 39 of them were switched from intravenous to oral therapy.There were some inappropriate of drug dose,interval and solvents.Conclusion Physicians can compliance with the guidelines to improve management of respiratory diseases,but they should individualize the regimen in accordance with the PK/PD parameters of antibiotic agents.

关 键 词：呼吸系统疾病 抗菌药物 处方合理性 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品] R563.1[医药卫生—药学]