生活垃圾填埋场甲烷自然减排的新途径：厌氧与好氧的共氧化作用  

A new way of natural mitigation of methane in a refuse landfill:Anaerobic and aerobic co-oxidation

作　　者：韩丹[1] 石峰[1] 粜晓利[1] 陈浩泉[1] 赵由才[1] 

机构地区：[1]污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,同济大学,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2011年第4期791-797,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(No.2007AA06Z349)~~

摘　　要：采用暴雨过后垃圾填埋表层30～60cm的覆土、表层1.5m以下的垃圾,以及刚刚开挖出来的9年矿化垃圾进行硫酸盐还原菌阳性反应试验,结果表明生活垃圾填埋体不同填埋层都存在不同数量级的硫酸盐还原菌,且底层矿化垃圾中的硫酸盐还原菌的数量最多,表层覆土中最少.颗粒大小比例为50%:50%的垃圾样品表现出最佳的甲烷好氧与厌氧氧化效果,且厌氧氧化在共氧化作用中的比例达到20%以上.含水率为25%时,矿化垃圾中微生物活性最大,好氧与厌氧氧化甲烷速率均达到最大.当含水率接近70%时,甲烷厌氧氧化的贡献率可达30%以上.外源甲烷的补充可以驯化甲烷氧化微生物,其中甲烷好氧氧化时间最大可缩短50%;而初始甲烷一次通入量超过2mL(20g矿化垃圾)后,甲烷好氧与厌氧氧化则均受到抑制.为此,本文证实了生活垃圾填埋场中甲烷厌氧氧化与好氧氧化的共存,并提出甲烷的共氧化是甲烷自然减排的另一种途径.The surface soil at 30～60 cm,refuse at 1.5 m depth and the aged refuse at the bottom of the refuse landfill were selected for experiments on sulfate-reducing bacteria （SRB）.It was found that SRB existed in nearly all layers of the solid waste landfill,with aged refuse at the bottom containing the most and the surface soil the least SRB.Garbage samples with a 50%：50% coarse：fine particle size proportion showed the best aerobic and anaerobic methane oxidation effect,and anaerobic oxidation accounted for above 20%.Microbial activity in aged refuse and co-oxidation rate of methane reached a maximum value with a 25% moisture content.Anaerobic oxidation rate could reach more than 30% as the moisture content approached 70%.Supplementation of exogenous methane could shorten the time of aerobic oxidation by 50%.However,both aerobic and anaerobic oxidation were weakened if the amount of exogenous methane was beyond 2 mL for the 20 g aged refuse.Therefore,a new way for natural mitigation of methane in a refuse landfill is put forward based on anaerobic and aerobic co-oxidation of methane.

关 键 词：生活垃圾填埋场 甲烷 共氧化 硫酸盐还原菌 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]