国家介入、社会工程与社区发育——以上海七宝镇为例对江南市镇两度繁盛机理的比较论析  

State Intervention,Social Engineering and Community Development——With Shanghai Qibao Town as Example to Compare and Discuss the Mechanism of Jiangnan Town's Twice Prosperous

作　　者：童潇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学社会发展学院,上海201620 [2]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2011年第2期101-107,118,共8页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年项目(10YJC840066);上海市晨光计划项目(xm432278);上海高校培养选拔优秀青年教师项目(hzf08048);华东政法大学科学研究项目(BM518562)

摘　　要：江南市镇在其发展过程中形成了明清及当代时序上的两次兴盛期。但是这两次兴盛表征背后所展现的社区发育逻辑有很大的不同。以上海市郊七宝古镇为例,其第一次兴盛的机理是在国家悬置的背景下,依靠其内部产业发展及市场交易带动而实现的近代市镇繁华;而第二次兴盛则是在国家介入以后,通过政府规划设计社会工程,以旅游业为突破口,而带来的当代市镇的再度发展。两次繁盛背后的一个重要转变在于市镇已从一个商品交易的中介转变为消费的终端市场。在国家介入市镇发展以后,市镇原有的传统发生了变迁,社会资本网络的拓展,经济与生活的分离,宗教影响的式微,昭示着市镇社区内部一场静悄悄的变革。以七宝为代表的江南市镇社区两次发育的不同机理,给予我们的启示是在某种情况下,特别是"强国家—弱社会"情境下,国家是社区发育不可缺少的重要推力。Jiangnan town formed twice developing prosperous period in Ming and Qing Dynastie.But these two thriving characterization behind shows community developing logic is very different.Of the southern suburbs of Shanghai Qibao town,for example,its first thriving mechanism is in national engine-mount background,depending on its internal cotton industry,cotton textile development and market transaction driving.The second is thriving in country entered,through the government planning and social engineering,with the tourism as a breakthrough,and brings the town developing again.Two fan wins an important shift that is from a town of intermediate goods into a consumer transaction terminal markets.After the state intervention in urban development,the town changes occurred in the original tradition,expanding the network of social capital,the separation of economy and life,the decline of religious influence,which makes clear the town a quiet revolution within the community.Two different developmental mechanisms of Qibao town,give us a lesson that is in some cases,especially the＂strong state-weak soiety＂situation,the state playing an important role in community development.

关 键 词：国家与社会 社会工程 关系网络 社区发育 

分 类 号：C918.12[经济管理]