常温下亚硝化活性污泥的驯化及其特征  

Domestication and Characteristics of Short-cut Nitrification Activated Sludge at Normal Temperatures

作　　者：周玲君[1,2] 杨朝晖[1,2] 罗远玲[1,2] 徐峥勇[1,2] 汪理科[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2011年第7期10-14,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970105);长沙科技计划重点资助项目(K0802151-31);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07212-001-02)

摘　　要：为提高脱氮性能,采用序批式反应器(SBR)培养亚硝化活性污泥。SBR在常温(15～30℃)下运行了110 d,周期为8 h(曝气为5 h、缺氧为3 h),采用间歇式曝气,曝气阶段的溶解氧控制在1.2～1.4 mg/L。结果表明,亚硝化工艺的进水负荷可达0.24 kgNH4+-N/(m3.d),对氨氮的去除率稳定在80%以上,亚硝化率维持在90%以上。同时通过每半个月置换一次污泥上清液,解决了反应器因NO2-累积造成的污泥浓度降低和处理效果不稳定的问题。对亚硝化污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)的分析表明,TB-EPS对污泥沉降性能的贡献明显大于LB-EPS。经驯化后污泥Ze-ta电位的电负值降低,表明亚硝化工艺的污泥沉降性能更好。此外,当亚硝化活性污泥驯化成功后反应器能在较高负荷下稳定运行。In order to improve nitrogen removal performance, short-cut nitrification activated sludge was cultivated in SBR for 110 days at normal temperatures （ 15 to 30 ℃ ）. The operation cycle of SBR was 8 hours with aeration of 5 h and non-aeration of 3 h. The DO was controlled at 1.2 to 1.4 mg/L in intermittent aeration phase. The results show that the influent loading rate of short-cut nitrification process can reach 0.24 kgNH4＋ - N/（ m3 ~ d）, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and the nitro- sation rate are over 80% and 90% respectively. The problems of low sludge concentration and instable treatment efficiency in the reactor due to NO2- - N accumulation are resolved by replacing sludge superna- rant once per semi-month. The analysis of the extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） indicates that the contribution of TB-EPS to sludge settleability is higher than that of LB-EPS. The Zeta potential of the domesticated sludge is decreased, indicating that the settleability of sludge in short-cut nitrification process is better. In addition, after the short-cut nitrification activated sludge is successfully domesticated, the reactor can be stably operated at high loading rate.

关 键 词：序批式反应器 亚硝化工艺 胞外聚合物(EPS) 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]