PICC在极低出生体重儿中的应用及护理  

Clinical Application and Nursing Characteristics of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter(PICC) in Children of Very Low Birth Weight

作　　者：张云兰[1] 王慧敏[1] 张莉莉[1] 骆念宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科,合肥市230022

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2011年第4期653-653,660,共2页Chinese Journal of General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨经外周静脉置管(PICC)在极低出生体重儿中的临床应用及护理特点。方法 2008年12月-2010年8月,安医大一附院NICU对39例极低出生体重儿应用中心静脉置管PICC治疗,经过精心护理,疗效满意。21例经贵要静脉,5例经头静脉,6例经正中静脉,5例经腋静脉2,例经颞浅静脉置入中心静脉(PICC),术后及时确定导管尖端位置,观察输液天数及并发症。结果 39例极低出生体重儿均置管成功,留置时间最短的是3 d,最长的是57 d,平均置管留置时间为29.6 d,自动出院2例,死亡2例,脱管1例,阻塞3例(溶栓后恢复正常),机械性静脉炎5例(处理后恢复正常)。结论 PICC置管术操作方便,能安全有效地用于极低出生体重儿静脉营养,静脉通道可靠,并发症少,可选择血管多,有明显的优势,值得在临床推广。Objective To discuss clinical application and nursing characteristics of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter （PICC） in children of very low birth weight. Methods From December 2008 to August 2010, there were 39 cases applications of PICC therapy on the very low birth weight children in the NICU of our hospital ,21 cases by basilie vein,5 cases by cephalic vein, median vein in 6 cases ,5 cases by axillary vein ,2 cases by superficial temporal vein placement of central venous （PICC） , catheter tip position postoperation was determined, the transfusion days and complications were observed. Results 39 patients of very low birth weight children were succeeded in intubation. The shortest retention time was 3 days and the longest was 57 days, the average intubation time was 29.6 days, and the patients of against medical ad in 2 cases, 2 deaths, 1 case of off tube, blockage occurred in 3 cases （return to normal alter thrombolysis）, mechanical phlebitis 5 cases （return to normal after treatment）. Conclusion PICC catheterization was easy to operate, safe and effective for very low birth weight children＇ s parentera] nutrition, unobstructed of I. V. lines, few complications, more chooses of blood vessels, there were clear advantages, worth to be popularized in the clinic.

关 键 词：经外周静脉置管 极低出生体重儿 应用 护理 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]