高氯酸盐对女性甲状腺功能影响的初步调查  

Investigation of Impacts of Perchlorate on Women's Thyroid Function

作　　者：秦娟[1] 李琴[2] 张金良[1,2] 林海鹏[2,3] 于云江[2] 史亚利[4] 车飞[2] 王红梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]中国辐射防护研究院,山西太原030006 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2010年第11期970-973,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：中国环境科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2007KYYW30);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAC16B07);环保公益科研专项(HBGY200709022)

摘　　要：目的初步探讨高氯酸盐暴露对女性甲状腺功能的影响。方法以某市从事烟花爆竹作业的女性作为暴露组,非烟花爆竹从业女性作为对照组,通过问卷调查和人体生物样本(血液和尿液样本)的收集与检测,分析研究对象的甲状腺功能减退症状发生率、血清甲状腺相关激素(T3、T4、FT3、FT4、TSH)含量及其影响因素。结果暴露组女性血清游离甲状腺激素FT3为(4.97±0.97)pmol/L,低于对照组[(5.51±1.06)pmol/L],差异有临界统计学意义(t=1.775,P=0.081),其他甲状腺相关激素(T3、T4、FT4、TSH)未见统计学差异;暴露组人群出现甲状腺功能减退症状的比例高于对照组。多因素分析表明,从事烟花爆竹作业(高氯酸盐高暴露)能够影响人群血清甲状腺相关激素的水平,导致血清甲状腺激素T3、T4、FT3、FT4水平下降,促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平反射性升高,T4、FT3的下降有统计学意义和临界统计学意义(P=0.041,P=0.051)。采用河水灌溉的地区人群血清T4、FT4水平低于采用井水和泉水灌溉的地区的人群(P=0.034,P=0.082)。结论高氯酸盐暴露可能会影响育龄女性的甲状腺功能。Objective To evaluate the impacts of perchlorate on the thyroid function of women.Methods Women worked in fireworks and crackers factories were divided into the exposure group,those not worked in these factories were divided into the control group.Questionnaire investigation and biological samples（urine and blood samples） collection and detection were conducted in the target population.Results FT3 serum concentration of exposure group was（4.97±0.97） pmol/L,which was significantly lower than the control group[（5.51±1.06） pmol/L],and no significant difference was observed in the other thyroid related hormones（T3,T4,FT4,TSH） between the two groups.The exposure group suffered higher incidence of hypothyroidism symptoms than the control group.Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that occupational exposure to perchlorate could significantly reduced T4,FT3 serum concentrations,river-water irrigation（with significantly higher perchlorate concentrations than well water or spring water） could significantly reduced T4,FT4 serum concentrations.Conclusion Perchlorate exposure may produce adverse effects on the thyroid function of women.

关 键 词：高氯酸盐 烟花爆竹 育龄妇女 甲状腺功能减退 甲状腺激素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]