三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)珍珠形成初期钙代谢的特征分析  

CALCIUM METABOLISM IN HYRIOPSIS CUMINGII DURING EARLY PEARL-FORMING STAGES

作　　者：罗文[1] 杨受保[1] 丁盈[2] 弭忠祥[1] 郑大恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命科学学院,绍兴312000 [2]浙江工业大学应用数学系,杭州310023

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2010年第6期895-900,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目;Y305002号;绍兴市科技局科研项目;2008A32003号

摘　　要：采用生理生化及分子生物学方法,对刚植片的三角帆蚌进行了为期57天的研究,探讨三角帆蚌珍珠形成初期钙的代谢特征。实验每周取样一次,分别测定了珍珠囊和珍珠的直径,珍珠囊和珍珠的重量及水温,外套膜、鳃、围心腔三种组织的钙含量,酸、碱性磷酸酶的比活力,以及外套膜中钙调素基因的表达量。结果表明,植片后三角帆蚌的珍珠囊及珍珠在第22天和43天各出现一个快速生长期。其外套膜和鳃中的酸性磷酸酶比活力第8天升到最高,随后逐渐下降;外套膜中的碱性磷酸酶比活力第15天达到最高,第29天后开始快速下降;鳃和围心腔中的碱性磷酸酶比活力第15天后才开始上升,第29天达到最高。三种组织的钙含量总体呈现上升趋势,其中鳃的钙含量最高并在第43天达到最高值。植片后三角帆蚌外套膜中的钙调素RNA表达量明显增强,第8天和43天的表达量尤其显著。三角帆蚌珍珠的形成主要依赖于鳃和外套膜对钙的代谢,在此过程中酸、碱性磷酸酶以及钙调素起着重要的作用。可能依照钙调素基因上调表达、酸性和碱性磷酸酶激活、鳃和外套膜钙含量升高、珍珠生长的顺序来进行,植片后的第8天、15天和43天是珍珠形成的关键期。Post-implantation Hyriopsis cumingii was studied for 57 days, to investigate calcium metabolism during early pearl-forming stages. The samples were taken every week, the values of diameters and weights of pearl-sac and pearl, temperature of water, calcium contents and specific activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase of mantle, gill and heart, and gene expression of calmodulin in mantle were measured. The diameters and weights of pearl-sac or pearl in H. cumingii increased with the increase of water temperature, periods of obviously rapid growth appeared at day 22 and 43, respectively. The specific activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were the highest in the mantle, and the lowest in the heart. The specific activity of acid phosphatase in mantle and gill reached the peak at day 8, and then decreased gradually. The specific activity of alkaline phosphatase in mantle reached the peak at day 15, maintained at similar levels until day 29, and then decreased gradually; in contrast, the enzyme specific activities in gill and heart increased after day 15, and reached the peak at the day 29. The calcium contents of mantle, gill or heart increased; the calcium content of gill was the highest and reached the peak at day 43. The RNA expression of calmodulin in mantle were enhanced significantly after implantation, especially at day 8 and 43. It is suggested that primary pearl-forming in H. cumingii mainly depended on the calcium metabolism in gill and mantle. Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and calmodulin all played important roles. The relevant metabolic events probably follows the order of up-regulation of the gene expression of calmodulin, activation of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, and the increasing of calcium contents in mantle and gill, leading to pearl growth. Day 8, 15 and 43 after implantation were the key stages of pearl-forming.

关 键 词：三角帆蚌 珍珠 酸性磷酸酶 碱性磷酸酶 钙代谢 钙调蛋白 

分 类 号：S966.22[农业科学—水产养殖]