大庆市油田开发区湿地水环境质量现状与污染防治对策  

Current State of Water Environment Quality and Pollution Prevention Countermeasures of Wetlands in Daqing Oil Development Zones

作　　者：文波龙[1,2] 刘兴土[1] 王继富[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《湿地科学》2010年第4期312-319,共8页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071332);国家林业局全国湿地保护工程实施规划示范项目;中国科学院知识创新工程前沿领域项目(KZCX3-SW-NA3-40);黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GC07C215)资助

摘　　要：大庆市资源开发与湿地生态环境保护矛盾日益突出,通过对典型泡沼和排干水体采样监测,采用单因子指数法和综合污染指数法对大庆市油田开发区湿地水环境质量现状进行评价和污染特征分析。研究结果表明,按照水环境功能标准,在研究区,除了库里泡和排水干渠水质的综合评价污染强度为轻度、中度污染外,其余泡沼的水质均为重度或严重污染;但在单因素污染评价中,所有水体水质都为劣Ⅴ类。其中,各个泡沼水体都是化学需氧量、总磷和挥发酚3项指标超标,龙凤湿地的氮污染也比较严重,三永泡和中内泡水体石油污染物超标;而各个排干水体主要受氮和磷的污染。同时基于评价结果分析,提出了大庆市湿地生态系统污染综合防治对策。The contradictions have been increasing between petroleum resources exploitation and ecological environment protection of wetlands in oil development zones of the city of Daqing.With the monitoring data of sampling from the typical lakes,swamps and main drainage canals,the water environment quality of wetlands in oil development zones in Daqing was evaluated by single pollution index method and comprehensive pollution index method.The results showed that,according to the national standards for water environment quality assessment in study area,except water from Kuli Lake and drainage canals which was suffered from low-medium or medium pollution,the other ones were seriously or more seriously pollution.But the water quality of all wetlands was worse than grade V based on the assessment results of single pollution index method.Each lake or swamp was mainly polluted by 3 kinds of pollutants：CODcr,total phosphorus and volatile phenol.And Longfeng wetland was also polluted by nitrogen,Sanyong Lake and Zhongnei Lake were also polluted by petroleum,but each drainage canal was mainly polluted by CODcr,nitrogen,and phosphorus.Based on the analysis and evaluation of water quality in Daqing wetlands,some countermeasures were put forward to control the wetland ecosystem pollution.

关 键 词：大庆市 油田开发区 湿地 水环境 污染防治 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]