华北土石山区人工林土壤健康评价研究  

Soil Health Assessment of Plantations in Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China

作　　者：任丽娜[1] 王海燕[1] 丁国栋[1] 于洋[1] 孙嘉[1] 张佳音[1] 高广磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第6期46-52,59,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(200804022A)

摘　　要：健康的土壤是培育和保护健康森林的基础,研究不同人工林下土壤健康状况对森林健康维护和可持续经营具有重要意义。以河北木兰围场人工林中的落叶松纯林、油松纯林、落叶松与白桦混交林和油松与落叶松混交林为研究对象,分析和比较了不同林分下的土壤物理、化学和生物学性质,并采用主成分分析法评价了其土壤健康状况。结果表明:(1)林分类型对土壤理化和生物学性质影响显著;随土壤深度增加,土壤密度和土壤pH值增大,而土壤含水量、养分含量和微生物数量减少,但其在不同林分下的变化程度不同;(2)土壤因子之间关系密切,土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾含量和细菌数量与土壤密度呈显著或极显著负相关,而与土壤含水量呈极显著正相关;土壤养分含量之间具有不同程度的显著正相关关系;土壤微生物数量与土壤pH值和养分含量之间存在一定的相关性;(3)采用主成分分析法对不同林分下0-60 cm的土壤健康状况进行了评价,各林分土壤健康水平由高到低依次为:落叶松与白桦混交林>油松与落叶松混交林>落叶松纯林>油松纯林。Healthy soil is fundamental for cultivating and protecting healthy forest,and it is of great importance to study forest soil health status for the maintenance and sustainable management of forest health.The pure plantation of larch,pure plantation of Chinese pine,mixed plantation of larch and birch,and mixed plantation of Chinese pine and larch in Mulan paddock,Hebei province were selected for the determination and comparison of soil physical,chemical and microbial properties in different forest stands.Soil health of these forest stands was further assessed with principal component analysis.The results were showed as the followings：（1） types of forest stands had significant effects on soil physical,chemical and biological properties.With the increase of soil depth,soil bulk density and soil pH increased,soil water content,nutrients content,and microbial quantity decreased,but with different variation degrees in different forest stands.（2） There existed close correlations between soil properties.Soil organic matter,total N,rapidly available K and the quantity of bacteria had significant or very significant negative correlations with soil bulk density,but very significant positive correlations with soil water content.The correlations between soil nutrients content were significant positive,but with varied degrees.Correlations were also found between soil microbial quantity and soil pH and soil nutrients content.（3） The soil health assessment with principal component analysis showed soil health in the depth of 0-60 cm in the decreasing order of mixed plantation of larch and birchmixed plantation of Chinese pine and larchpure plantation of larchpure plantation of Chinese pine.

关 键 词：人工林 森林土壤 土壤健康评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S714.5[农业科学—林学]