重庆市坡耕地植被覆盖与管理因子C值计算与分析  

Calculation and Analysis of the Vegetation Cover and Management Factor C Value in Slope Farmland of Chongqing Area

作　　者：唐寅[1] 代数[1] 蒋光毅 史东梅[1] 陈正发[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市水土保持生态环境监测总站,重庆401147

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第6期53-59,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：重庆市科委项目(CSTC2009AC1007);重庆市水利局科技项目(重庆市土壤侵蚀模数研究;2008)

摘　　要：植被覆盖与管理因子C值是评价植被因素抵抗土壤侵蚀能力及准确估算土壤侵蚀模数的重要参数,利用天然降雨径流小区径流泥沙观测资料,对重庆市坡耕地不同土地利用方式植被覆盖与管理因子C值变化及影响因素进行研究。结果表明:(1)在相同降雨侵蚀力条件下,坡耕地不同土地利用方式的水土保持效应差异很大,表现为:横坡植物篱耕地>横坡耕地>顺坡耕地>清耕休闲地,坡耕地表层植被盖度最差且降雨侵蚀力较大的时段为土壤侵蚀危险期,在该时段内采取相应的保护措施可有效控制水土流失。(2)基于实测侵蚀量的C值估算方法最为适宜重庆市坡耕地不同土地利用方式的C值计算,重庆地区小麦年C值为0.434 5,甘薯年C值为0.386 4,小麦/甘薯年C值为0.403 7,C值不同表明不同农作物对耕地土壤的防护作用不同,合理选择农作物种类对防治水土流失有明显的作用。(3)基于重庆市坡耕地不同土地利用方式植被盖度与C值的年内变化特征,该地区坡耕地水土流失防治应从提高地表植被覆盖度出发,优化种植模式,兼顾水土保持措施布置,实现坡耕地可持续利用。The vegetation cover and management factor C value are the effective indicators of evaluating the restraint of soil erosion impetus and appraising soil erosion modulus accurately.In this article we research on vegetation cover and management factor C value of sloping farmland in city of Chongqing,using observation data of mud which caused by nature rainfall flow in flowing section.The results are as follows：（1）Under the same power rainfall erosion,the effect of water and soil reservation of different land use in sloping farmland differ greatly,and the result is in this order： Cross-slope vegetation farmlandcross-slope farmlanddown-slope farmlandfallow,the crisis period of soil erosion is the time when the vegetation cover on the surface of sloping farmland is the worst,and the same power rainfall erosion is the greatest,during this period,taking suitable action could control water and soil loss effectively.（2）Based on measurement,the approach of appraising the C value of erosion quantity is the best approach to calculate the C value of different land use on Chongqing farmland,the annual C value of wheat in Chongqing is 0.434 5,and the ipomoea batata is 0.386 4,the ratio of C value of wheat and ipomoea batata is 0.403 7,different C values suggest that different plants have different functions on protecting soil,choosing a suitable plant has an obvious effect on avoiding and remedying water and soil loss.（3）Based on vegetation cover and C value variation during the years of different land use in sloping farmland of Chongqing,avoiding and remedying water and soil loss in this area should raise the ratio of vegetation cover as the first step,then optimize the planting mode,and get the measures of water and soil conservation prepared,and achieve the goal of sustainable use of sloping farmland.

关 键 词：植被覆盖 管理因子 C值 坡耕地 USLE模型 重庆市 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]