连续年龄序列桉树人工林凋落物分解的研究  

Decomposition of Leaf Litter in An Age Sequence of Eucalyptus Plantation Forests

作　　者：刘文飞[1] 樊后保[1] 沈芳芳[1,2] 黄荣珍[1] 袁颖红[1] 李燕燕[1] 廖迎春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院生态与环境科学研究所,南昌330099 [2]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第6期132-136,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(0630101);福建省林业厅科技资助项目(闽林科[2007]6号)

摘　　要：通过野外定位监测和取样分析,研究了连续年龄序列(3 a,4 a,5 a,6 a)桉树人工林的叶凋落物分解及养分释放动态。结果表明,经过390 d分解后,不同龄级桉树人工林凋落物的残留率分别为31.11%,28.37%,36.70%和46.99%,年平均分解系数分别为0.962 0,0.956 8,0.793 0和0.628 6,周转期分别为3.03,3.07,3.54,4.66 a,说明随着林木龄级的增加凋落物的分解速度逐渐下降。在凋落物分解过程中,N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn和Fe元素,均体现出比较明显的淋溶-富集-释放模式。各年龄段桉树林凋落物N元素的周转期分别为1.65,1.95,2.39,2.96 a,P为1.82,1.48,2.35,3.05 a,K为0.95,1.31,3.27,2.80a,Ca为3.39,2.74,3.49,3.29 a,Mg为1.27,2.03,3.66,2.33 a,Mn为1.98,1.01,2.67,3.38 a,Zn为2.74,1.83,2.92,4.03 a,Fe为2.96,1.07,2.84,3.19 a。从各元素的周转时间可以看出,N、P、K元素的周转速度较快,说明这些元素易淋溶,能更快地归还林地以供应林木生长的需要。Based on field investigation and lab analysis,the decomposition and nutrient release dynamics of leaf litter were studied in an age sequence of Eucalyptus plantations（3 a,4 a,5 a,6 a）.The results showed that after 390 days of decomposition,the litter remaining rate was estimated to be 31.11%,28.37%,36.70% and 46.99%,respectively,for 3-,4-,5-and 6-year old plantations.Derived from Olson equations,decomposition constant k for the above forests was 0.962 0,0.956 8,0.793 0 and 0.628 6,with 95% decomposition time of 3.03,3.07,3.54,4.66 a,respectively,suggesting litter decomposition decreased gradually with the stand age.The elements of P,K,Ca,Mg,Mn,Zn and Fe consistently showed the decomposition pattern of eluviation-enrichment-release.The turnover time of the litter in the 3-,4-,5-and 6-year old stands was estimated,respectively,at 1.65,1.95,2.39 and 2.96 years for N,1.82,1.48,2.35 and 3.05 years for P,0.95,1.31,3.27 and 2.80 years for K,3.39,2.74,3.49 and 3.29 years for Ca,1.27,2.03,3.66 and 2.33 years for Mg,1.98,1.01,2.67 and 3.38 years for Mn,2.74,1.83,2.92 and 4.03 years for Zn,2.96,1.07,2.84 and 3.19 years for Fe.Determined from litter turnover time,N,P and K exhibited greater decomposition rate which fastened nutrient release of these elements to meet the needs of the tree growth.

关 键 词：桉树人工林 凋落物分解 养分释放动态 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]