人工全膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓发生情况初探  

Research of deep vein thrombosis after total knee joint replacement surgery

作　　者：许蕊凤[1] 赵楠[1] 朱薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院骨科,北京100191

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2010年第24期3784-3786,共3页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析人工全膝关节置换术后深静脉血栓的发生情况,为护理工作提供相关依据,以便能够为患者提供预见性护理。方法 196例行人工全膝关节置换的患者均在术前及术后48~72 h内进行超声多普勒检查,若在此范围外患者出现下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）的症状、体征,即刻行超声多普勒检查,调查术后深静脉血栓的发生情况。结果该组患者术后发生DVT患者39例,发生率为19.9%（39/196）,其中无症状DVT患者占74.4%（29/39）;术后3 d内发生DVT32例,占发生率的82.1%（32/39）;该组发生DVT均为远端血栓。结论人工全膝关节置换术后血栓多发生在术后早期,症状常常隐匿,应及早发现并采取预防措施,针对存在高危风险的患者给予重点评估。【Objectives】To analyze the incidence of deep vein thrombosis of the total knee replacement surgery,to provide the basis for the nursing care to be able to provide predictable care for patients.【Methods】196 routine total knee replacement patients do Doppler ultrasound examination in the preoperation and within 48~72 hours of postoperation.outside this range,if patients with the symptoms,signs of deep vein thrombosis（DVT）,immediately do Doppler ultrasound examination,to observe investigation of deep vein thrombosis.【Results】Postoperative DVT occurred in 39 patients,the rate was 19.9%（39/196）,which accounted for 74.4% of patients with asymptomatic DVT（29/39）;DVT（32 cases） occurred within 3 days after surgery,accounting for the incidence of 82.1%（32/39）;DVT occurred in this group were distal embolization.【Conclusion】Thrombosis after total knee replacement mostly occurs in the early postoperative period,which symptoms are often hidden,should be detected early,we should take preventive measures to focus on the aimed assessment of risk at high-risk patients.

关 键 词：膝关节置换 深静脉血栓 超声多普勒 护理 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]