基于可持续发展评价的家庭牧场生产经营分异研究  

Differentiation in households' production in the view of sustainable development evaluation

作　　者：丁勇[1,2] 牛建明[2] 侯向阳[1] 张庆[2] 王海[1] 尹燕亭[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古大学生态与环境科学系,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业科学》2010年第11期151-158,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(70933004);国家自然科学基金项目(30760158);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项资金;中国农业科学院草原研究所资助项目(2009-Y-1)

摘　　要：草原退化引起我国对家庭牧场作为草原畜牧业生产和生态保护基本单元的关注,评价家庭牧场可持续利用发展力对正确认识家庭牧场的作用具有重要的意义。研究通过构建家庭牧场可持续利用发展力评价指标体系与综合评价,以揭示家庭牧场生产经营特征及分异规律。指标体系分为3个层次,包括1个决策目标、3个准则和16个指标,并以内蒙古白音锡勒牧场的30个样本为例进行了评价分析。结果表明,1)建立的框架模型,能够充分反映评价对象特征,评价结果与已有成果相关性较高;2)家庭牧场生产经营决策差异是导致其生产收益和生活水平分化,进而成为可持续利用发展力明显分异的关键动因,其中,食品消费结构、生活性资产、经营的草地资源、投资回报、生活消费、人均纯收入及资本积累是家庭牧场分异的主要特征指标。研究认为,加强并优化生产经营管理是挖掘家庭牧场发展潜力,推进草原牧区可持续发展的重要途径之一。Vast grassland degradation enables professionals and governments to pay attention to the merit and demerit of households＇ production as the basic unit of livestock production and environmental protection;therefore,it is essential to assess the merit and demerit of household in the view of sustainable development.In this study,an index system was established to comprehensively estimate the ability of sustainable development of household for sighting into the features of household and the differences in management characteristics of the household.The established index system included 3 layers,consisting of 1 decision layer,3 criterion layers and 16 indicators,and ability of sustainable development of 30 households were estimated by using established index system in Bayan Sil,Inner Mongolia.This study indicated that the established framework performed well,corresponding to actual household life.A conclusion was drew that management decisions resulted in differences of productive income and living standards,which further became the key drive affecting the ability of sustainable development of household.This study proposed that the structure of food consumption,productive investment,possession of grassland resources,and return on investment,life consumption,the per capita net income and capital accumulation were main index to estimate the differences of households.The results of this study suggested that strengthening and optimizing production management was an important way to promoting sustainable development of household.

关 键 词：“条件-决策-目的”框架模型 生产经营分异 可持续发展评价 家庭牧场 

分 类 号：S812.9[农业科学—草业科学]