总固体质量分数对玉米和小麦秸秆中温发酵产气效果的影响  

Effect of total solid concentration on corn and wheat straw biogas production at moderate temperature

作　　者：宋籽霖[1,2] 李轶冰[3,2] 杨改河[3,2] 楚莉莉[1,2] 任广鑫[3,2] 冯永忠[3,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第12期81-86,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30700482);陕西省13115重大科技专项(2009ZDKG-03;2010ZDKG-06);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2009jm3004);西北农林科技大学2009年基本科研业务费青年项目(QN2009006)

摘　　要：【目的】探索总固体质量分数与作物秸秆厌氧发酵效果的关系,为户用沼气最佳进料量的确定提供理论依据。【方法】分别以玉米秆和小麦秆作为发酵原料,以常温厌氧发酵池的底物为接种物,设计8%,12%,16%和20%4个总固体质量分数处理,采用自行研究设计的可控性恒温发酵装置在30℃中温条件下进行厌氧发酵,研究不同总固体质量分数对秸秆产气速率、累积产气量和干物质产气率的影响。【结果】各总固体质量分数处理条件下,发酵料液的产气速率变化均与其pH值关系密切;高总固体质量分数处理条件下,发酵料液易发生酸化,但在一定范围内,发酵仍然可以正常进行;玉米秆、小麦秆最大产气速率与累积产气量均随总固体质量分数的增加而上升;玉米秆干物质产气率在总固体质量分数为20%时达到最大值(297.78mL/g),小麦秆干物质产气率在总固体质量分数为16%时达到最大值(242.15mL/g)。【结论】总固体质量分数16%是玉米秆、小麦秆中温(30℃)液体发酵的最适宜质量分数。[Objective] The study explored the relationship between total solid concentration and biogas production to provide scientific basis for optimal feed rate of household biogas.[Method] A batch of experiments with corn straw and wheat straw as digestion material at different total solid concentrations（8%,12%,16% and 20%） was conducted in a self-designed anaerobic fermentation reactor at 30 ℃,using the substrate of constant temperature fermentation pool as the inoculation substances to study the effects of total solid concentration on biogas production rate,cumulative biogas production and biogas yields rate of total solid.[Result] The change of biogas production rate was closely related to pH.High total solid concentration was more prone to acidification,but to some extent it also can make biogas.The maximum biogas production rate and cumulative biogas production of wheat straw and corn straw increased with the increase of total solid concentration.The maximum biogas yields rate of total solid of wheat straw and corn straw occurred at 20%,16%,which were 297.78 mL/g,242.15 mL/g respectively.[Conclusion] The optimal total solid concentration for wheat straw and corn straw at moderate temperature（30 ℃）is 16%.

关 键 词：作物秸秆 沼气 生物能源 农业废弃物 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]