地被菊品种间杂交结籽率的研究  

Research on cross-breeding seeding rate of ground-cover chrysanthemum

作　　者：王涛[1,2] 董玉芝[1] 祝朋芳[2] 王平 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]沈阳农业大学林学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [3]大洼县林业站,辽宁盘锦124200

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第12期203-209,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家环保总局项目[二-(一)-3-2号];国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A18)

摘　　要：【目的】探寻提高地被菊结籽率的有效方法,为通过杂交方法培育菊花新品种奠定基础。【方法】以7个地被菊无性系品种为材料,采用常规授粉并结合荧光法检测花粉在柱头的萌发情况,研究自交和杂交不同配组方式及不同授粉时间、柱头形状、授粉方法对地被菊结籽率的影响。【结果】不同地被菊品种自交结籽率均为0;品种间杂交存在障碍,有正、反交结籽率迥异的现象,"Lz08-19"和"Lz08-18"正、反交结籽率差异达到45.29%;不同时间授粉对结籽率的影响不大,普遍在2%以内;柱头呈Y形时授粉的结籽率普遍高于I形和T形,最大差异为7.2%;不同授粉方法中,对克服地被菊杂交障碍效果较好的是蜜蜂授粉,其次是重复授粉、植物激素处理、生理盐水处理。【结论】综合分析花粉在柱头的萌发情况及试验结果后认为,蜜蜂授粉是提高地被菊结籽率的最有效方法。[Objectives] The research was conducted to explore the effective method for improving the seed set ration of Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum,and lay a foundation for cultivating new varieties for chrysanthemum with hybridization method.[Method] Taking Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum as materials,using conventional pollination and fluorescence to detect the pollens germination on stigma,the influence of the seed set ration of Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum,which included different crossing inbreading methods,different pollination time,different shapes of stigmas for pollination and different methods and honeybee pollination was studied.[Result] All of the inbred seed set ratio are zero of different Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum under self-crossing,there are some obstacles in inter-varietal crossing,the seed set rations of cross and reciprocal cross are different,the discrepancy is 45.29% from both ＂Lz08-19＂ and ＂Lz08-18＂,is different pollination time has little influence on the rate of seed,which is generally within 2%,the pollinated seed rates of stigma with Y-shaped are generally higher than that of the I-shaped and T-shaped,the maximum difference could reach 7.2%.So the best method to overcome the crossing barrier is honeybee pollination,the next is repeated pollination,plant hormone and saline treatment.[Conclusion] Binding assay in pollen germination and test results concluded that honeybee pollination is the most effective way to improve the Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum seed rate.

关 键 词：地被菊 自交 杂交 荧光检测 结籽率 

分 类 号：S682.110.36[农业科学—观赏园艺]