碳化钙骨架碳的N,O功能化及其电化学性能  

Surface N,O Functionalization of Calcium Carbide-derived Carbon and Its Electrochemical Performance

作　　者：郑丽萍[1] 王先友[1] 安红芳[1] 陈权启[1] 刘黎[1] 白俐[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学化学学院环境友好化学与应用教育部重点实验室,湘潭411105

出　　处：《化学学报》2010年第24期2516-2522,共7页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.20871101);湖南省科技厅重点(No.2009WK2007);湖南省自然科学市州联合基金重点(No.09JJ8001)资助项目

摘　　要：以碳化钙为前驱体,新鲜制备的高活性氯气为刻蚀剂,采用低温一步合成法制备了多孔结构的碳化钙骨架碳(CCDC).将CCDC用硝酸进行氧化处理后,在氩气保护下,分别用尿素、三聚氰胺在950℃下碳化,制备出富氮功能化的CCDC.采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、元素分析等手段对材料进行物理表征,发现功能化的CCDC有明显的氮、氧官能团存在,极大地改善了CCDC的结构和表面活性.将功能化的CCDC作电极材料并组装成超级电容器进行循环伏安、恒流充放电、循环寿命等电化学性能测试.结果表明,经硝酸、尿素、三聚氰胺处理后的CCDC电极,在1mol/LH2SO4中比电容分别达到181.5,210.8和225.4F·g-1,比处理前分别增长了17.3%,36.3%和45.7%,且循环5000次后,容量几乎没有衰减.Porous CaC2-derived carbon（CCDC） was synthesized by one-step route from CaC2 in a freshly prepared chlorine environment at low temperature.CCDC was oxidized by HNO3 and treated with urea or melamine by carbonization at 950 ℃ in an inert atmosphere,then nitrogen-enriched CCDC was obtained.The samples were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and elemental analysis.It found that the surface texture and chemistry activation of CCDC are improved by the containing nitrogen or oxygen functional groups preexisting on the surface.Electrochemical performances of supercapacitors using modified CCDC as electrodes were studied by cyclic voltammery,galvanostatic charge/discharge and cycle life measurements.The results showed that the HNO3,urea and melamine modified CCDC revealed enhanced capacitances of 181.5,210.8 and 225.4 F？g-1 in 1 mol/L H2SO4,which increase by 17.3%,36.3% and 45.7% compared with the initial carbon,respectively.Furthermore,the capacitance of supercapacitors are nearly no change after 5000 cycles.

关 键 词：碳化钙骨架碳 功能化 表面官能团 超级电容器 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]